Table 3

Univariate analysis for physicians’ OMS uptake willingness and actual uptake

Variables	OMS uptake willingness*				Actual OMS uptake†
Variables	n	Mean±SD	z/r_s	P value	Yes	No	χ²/z	P value
Micro system
Gender
Male	366	17.76±4.41	−3.16	0.002	151	215	8.95	0.003
Female	341	16.82±4.35			179	162
Age (years)		17.33±4.39	0.01	0.889	33.36±6.73	35.55±7.14	−4.53	<0.001
Education
Undergraduate or below	218	17.04±4.32	−1.76	0.079	106	112	0.48	0.488
Postgraduate or above	489	17.43±4.44			224	265
Hospital level
Community hospital	32	16.56±4.39	−1.49	0.136	23	9	8.55	0.003
Comprehensive hospital	675	17.34±4.40			307	368
Working years
<5	254	17.37±4.18	−0.40	0.691	145	109	17.26	<0.001
≥5	453	17.27±4.52			185	268
Job title
Lower	485	17.19±4.39	−1.02	0.308	258	227	26.38	<0.001
Higher	222	17.55±4.42			72	150
Departments
Surgery	204	18.31±4.16	−2.77	0.006	87	117	8.31	0.016
Internal medicine	255	17.22±4.22			109	146
Others	248	16.57±4.63			134	114
Administrative positions
No	619	17.17±4.32	−2.10	0.036	305	314	13.48	<0.001
Yes	88	18.24±4.83			25	63
Awareness of OMS-related information
No	177	14.81±5.12	−7.86	<0.001	120	57	42.32	<0.001
Yes	530	18.14±3.79			210	320
OMS-related skills
No	136	12.61±4.28	−12.99	<0.001	100	36	48.79	<0.001
Yes	571	18.43±3.62			230	341
Meso system
OMS advocated by hospitals
No	79	15.70±4.63	−3.78	0.001	59	20	28.03	<0.001
Yes	628	17.51±4.33			271	357
OMS training in hospitals
No	138	15.70±4.52	−4.59	<0.001	93	45	29.56	<0.001
Yes	569	17.70±4.28			237	332
Colleagues’ experience in OMS uptake
No	144	15.66±4.34	−5.49	<0.001	119	25	93.97	<0.001
Yes	563	17.73±4.32			211	352
Recommendations from colleagues
No	178	15.87±4.28	−5.40	<0.001	132	46	72.18	<0.001
Yes	529	17.79±4.34			198	331
Inquiries from offline patients
No	296	16.32±4.31	−5.59	<0.001	201	95	92.2	<0.001
Yes	411	18.02±4.33			129	282
Hospitals’ equipment and technical support
No	125	15.69±4.34	−4.99	<0.001	83	42	23.73	<0.001
Yes	582	17.65±4.34			247	335
Hospitals’ incentive mechanism
No	359	16.35±4.16	−6.64	<0.001	204	155	30.18	<0.001
Yes	348	18.30±4.43			126	222
Macro system
Influence of media orientation
No	118	16.03±4.73	−3.40	0.001	73	45	13.128	<0.001
Yes	589	17.56±4.29			257	332
Laws and policies on medical disputes
No	491	16.73±4.20	−5.88	<0.001	264	227	32.47	<0.001
Yes	216	18.63±4.57			66	150
Integrity of platform construction
No	295	17.68±4.30	−2.12	0.034	141	154	0.26	0.613
Yes	412	17.04±4.46			189	223

Data are presented as mean±SD for continuous variables and n for categorical variables.
*Spearman correlation analysis was performed for the age (years); Mann-Whitney U test was performed for the remaining variables.
†Mann-Whitney U test was performed for the age(years); χ² was performed for the remaining variables.
OMS, online medical services.