Risk factor analysis on the treatment and control of hypertension in older adults living in Shenzhen
| Characteristics | Treatment* | Control† | ||
| OR (95% CI) | P value | OR (95% CI) | P value | |
| Sex | ||||
| Male | – | – | 1.00 (Reference) | |
| Female | – | – | 0.91 (0.88 to 0.95) | <0.01 |
| Education level | ||||
| Illiterate | 1.00 (Reference) | 1.00 (Reference) | ||
| Primary education | 1.00 (0.95 to 1.07) | 0.90 | 0.99 (0.93 to 1.06) | 0.84 |
| Junior school education and above | 1.25 (1.18 to 1.32) | <0.01 | 1.28 (1.20 to 1.36) | <0.01 |
| Marital status | ||||
| Married or cohabiting | 1.00 (Reference) | – | – | |
| Widowed | 1.28 (1.17 to 1.40) | <0.01 | – | – |
| Divorced | 1.07 (0.87 to 1.31) | 0.54 | – | – |
| Single | 0.58 (0.45 to 0.74) | <0.01 | – | – |
| Age group | ||||
| 65～ | 1.00 (Reference) | 1.00 (Reference) | ||
| 70～ | 1.11 (1.07 to 1.15) | <0.01 | 0.98 (0.94 to 1.02) | 0.23 |
| 75～ | 1.24 (1.18 to 1.30) | <0.01 | 0.96 (0.92 to 1.01) | 0.13 |
| 80～ | 1.32 (1.25 to 1.38) | <0.01 | 0.93 (0.88 to 0.98) | <0.01 |
| Physical activity | ||||
| No | 1.00 (Reference) | 1.00 (Reference) | ||
| Yes | 1.14 (1.10 to 1.18) | <0.01 | 1.06 (1.02 to 1.10) | <0.01 |
| Smoking status | ||||
| Never-smoker | 1.00 (Reference) | – | – | |
| Current smoker | 1.06 (1.00 to 1.13) | 0.06 | – | – |
| Ex-smoker | 1.19 (1.11 to 1.27) | <0.01 | – | – |
| Drinking habit | ||||
| Non-drinker | 1.00 (Reference) | 1.00 (Reference) | ||
| Non-habitual drinker | 0.89 (0.85 to 0.94) | <0.01 | 0.92 (0.87 to 0.97) | <0.01 |
| Habitual drinker | 0.72 (0.68 to 0.77) | <0.01 | 0.73 (0.68 to 0.79) | <0.01 |
| History of cardiovascular disease | ||||
| No | 1.00 (Reference) | 1.00 (Reference) | ||
| Yes | 2.20 (2.04 to 2.37) | <0.01 | 1.82 (1.71 to 1.96) | <0.01 |
| BMI | ||||
| Low weight | 1.00 (Reference) | – | – | |
| Normal weight | 1.42 (1.28 to 1.57) | <0.01 | – | – |
| Overweight | 1.64 (1.48 to 1.82) | <0.01 | – | – |
| Obesity | 1.89 (1.68 to 2.11) | <0.01 | – | – |
| Central obesity | ||||
| No | 1.00 (Reference) | 1.00 (Reference) | ||
| Yes | 1.10 (1.06 to 1.14) | <0.01 | 0.94 (0.91 to 0.98) | <0.01 |
| Diabetes | ||||
| No | 1.00 (Reference) | 1.00 (Reference) | ||
| Yes | 1.49 (1.44 to 1.54) | <0.01 | 1.52 (1.47 to 1.58) | <0.01 |
| Dyslipidaemia | ||||
| No | 1.00 (Reference) | 1.00 (Reference) | ||
| Yes | 1.20 (1.16 to 1.24) | <0.01 | 1.05 (1.03 to 1.09) | <0.01 |
Definition: A diagnosis of hypertension was considered when three consecutive high readings (≥140 systolic and/or ≥90 mm Hg diastolic) with 2-week intervals were registered, or treatment with antihypertensive medication within the previous 2 weeks was self-reported. Participants were considered to be treated if they answered ‘yes’ to the question ‘Because of your high blood pressure/hypertension, are you now taking prescribed medicine?’ Controlled hypertension was defined as SBP <140 mm Hg and DBP <90 mm Hg, and reported use of antihypertensive medication during the survey.
*Adjusted for sex.
†Adjusted for marital status, smoking status and BMI.
BMI, body mass index; DBP, diastolic blood pressure; SBP, systolic blood pressure.