Table 2

Univariate logistic regression of demographic and clinical characteristics predicting frailty

	Frailty		P value
	OR	95% CI	P value
Age	1.12*	1.08 to 1.16	<0.0001
Sex
Male	Ref		<0.0001
Female	2.06*	1.44 to 2.95
Level of education
Illiterate	Ref
1~6 years	0.57*	0.38 to 0.81	0.0019
7~12 years	0.24*	0.13 to 0.46	<0.0001
>12 years	0.06*	0.01 to 0.42	0.005
Income satisfaction
Good	Ref
Fair	1.41	0.91 to 2.18	0.1259
Poor	2.32*	1.45 to 3.73	0.0005
Social participation
Yes	0.64*	0.44 to 0.93	<0.0001
No	Ref
Marriage
Yes	Ref
No	1.28	0.83 to 1.96	0.2665
Smoking
Yes	0.7	0.46 to 1.07	0.0991
No	Ref
Alcohol consumption
Yes	0.57*	0.37 to 0.86	0.0082
No	Ref
Without job
Yes	2.89*	1.91 to 4.36	<0.0001
No	Ref
Self-rated health
Good	0.17*	0.17 to 0.27	<0.0001
Fair	0.43*	0.29 to 0.64	<0.0001
Poor	Ref
Number of diseases	1.41*	1.25 to 1.59	<0.0001

*p<0.05.