Demographics and baseline characteristics
| University 1 (N=9472)* | University 2 (N=3417)* | Total (N=12 889) | ||||
| Men (N=1509) | Women (N=7963) | Men (N=1040) | Women (N=2377) | Men (N=2549) | Women (N=10 340) | |
| Age (years) | 19±1 | 19±1 | 20±1 | 20±1 | 20±1 | 19±1 |
| Weight (kg) | 62.3±10.2 | 52.0±7.8 | 65.0±10.3 | 52.2±7.6 | 63.4±10.3 | 52.0±7.7 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 21.0±3.2 | 20.3±2.7 | 21.4±3.1 | 20.1±2.5 | 21.2±3.2 | 20.2±2.7 |
| Overweight, n (%)† | 214 (14.5) | 1370 (17.2) | 83 (8.0) | 140 (5.9) | 297 (11.7) | 1510 (14.6) |
| Obesity, n (%)† | 57 (3.8) | 263 (3.3) | 17 (1.6) | 36 (1.5) | 74 (2.9) | 299 (2.9) |
| Race/ethnicity, n (%) | ||||||
| Han | 1305 (86.5) | 6872 (86.3) | 1040 (100) | 2377 (100) | 2345 (92.0) | 9249 (89.4) |
| Non-Han | 204 (13.5) | 1091 (13.7) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 204 (8.0) | 1091 (10.6) |
| Physical activity (MET-hour/week) | 14.2±12.5 | 9.1±8.5 | 13.7±12.2 | 7.7±7.3 | 14.0±12.3 | 8.9±8.3 |
| Sedentary time (hour/day) | 6.9±3.4 | 7.3±3.4 | 7.0±3.2 | 7.3±3.3 | 6.9±3.3 | 7.3±3.4 |
| Smoking, n (%) | ||||||
| Currently smoking | 294 (19.5) | 77 (1.0) | 96 (9.2) | 9 (0.4) | 390 (15.3) | 86 (0.9) |
| <10 cigarettes/day | 220 (14.6) | 66 (0.8) | 77 (7.4) | 7 (0.3) | 297 (11.7) | 73 (0.7) |
| 10–15 cigarettes/day | 45 (3.0) | 8 (0.1) | 12 (1.1) | 1 (0.04) | 57 (2.2) | 9 (0.09) |
| >15 cigarettes/day | 29 (1.9) | 3 (0.1) | 7 (0.7) | 1 (0.04) | 36 (1.4) | 4 (0.03) |
| Former smoker | 165 (10.9) | 130 (1.6) | 62 (6.0) | 17 (0.7) | 227 (8.9) | 147 (1.4) |
| Never smoke | 1050 (69.6) | 7756 (97.4) | 882 (84.8) | 2351 (98.9) | 1932 (75.8) | 10 107 (97.7) |
Data are expressed as mean±SD or number (per cent) accordingly. Results were assessed by paired t-test and Wilcoxon signed-rank test accordingly.
*University 1 is Hunan Traditional Chinese Medical College, Hunan province, China; university 2 is Jinhua Polytechnic, Zhejiang province, China.
†Overweight and obesity cut-off points were referred to Asian criteria; overweight is BMI ≥24 and <28 kg/m2, and obesity BMI ≥28 kg/m2.
BMI, body mass index.