Table 1

Factor loadings in the US sample exploratory factor analysis

ItemI
Stress
II
Fear
III
Loneliness
IV
Community
V
Exaggerated
VI
NPIs
VII
Vaccine
I am having trouble relaxing because of the virus.0.81−0.030.01−0.090.050.01−0.02
I cannot control worrying about the virus.0.780.030.02−0.100.02−0.01−0.01
I think about the virus more than I would like.0.920.07−0.10−0.020.09−0.01−0.04
Thoughts of the virus pop into my head even when I do not want them to.0.810.060.03−0.02−0.04−0.03−0.03
I have trouble concentrating because I think about the virus so much.0.92−0.07−0.080.08−0.080.02−0.06
I check the news or online sources for updates on the virus more than I would like.0.660.070.120.030.04−0.050.14
I am having trouble sleeping because I am thinking about the virus.0.75−0.01−0.010.06−0.07−0.020.04
I am afraid of getting the virus myself.0.070.92−0.04−0.01−0.030.030.08
I am afraid of a family member getting the virus.0.030.990.010.040.010.03−0.01
I feel isolated from other people in the pandemic.0.080.310.360.040.03−0.07−0.05
With the pandemic, I feel like I cannot connect to other people.0.19−0.040.50−0.170.020.010.02
I feel close to other people.0.000.09−0.010.970.03−0.060.06
I feel part of a larger community of people.0.06−0.080.070.610.000.060.04
I think the pandemic is a hoax.0.000−0.04−0.060.010.88−0.040.04
I think people are getting too excited about the pandemic.−0.01−0.03−0.040.030.710.110.03
I am wearing a face covering or mask when I am around people.0.020.050.020.05−0.150.810.00
I am social distancing.−0.06−0.04−0.01−0.090.040.81−0.01
I am washing my hands frequently.0.070.02−0.010.080.130.500.01
I would take the coronavirus vaccine when it becomes available.−0.020.090.010.020.03−0.050.89
I would have my children or parents take the vaccine when it comes out.−0.030.030.000.100.010.050.92
  • Significant (>0.35) factors are bolded.

  • NPI, non-pharmaceutical intervention.