Characteristics of tobacco users (smoked and smokeless) and non-users who participated in the two rounds of the Global Adults Tobacco Survey (GATS) India.
| Characteristics of the sample | GATS-II (2016–2017) | GATS-I (2009–2010) | ||||
| Smokers | Smokeless tobacco users | Non-users | Smokers | Smokeless tobacco users | Non-users | |
| % (95% CI) | % (95% CI) | % (95% CI) | % (95% CI) | % (95% CI) | % (95% CI) | |
| Total | 9499 (10.7%) | 15 235 (24.1%) | 52 180 (78.6%) | 11 596 (14%) | 16 812 (25.9%) | 44 967 (64.9%) |
| Gender | ||||||
| Male | 91.0 (89.7 to 92.1) | 70.8 (69.5 to 72.1) | 41.2 (40.6 to 41.9) | 89.8 (88.4 to 91.4) | 65.7 (64.3 to 67.0) | 41.1 (40.5 to 41.8) |
| Female | 9.0 (89.7 to 92.1) | 29.2 (27.9 to 30.5) | 58.8 (58.1 to 59.4) | 10.2 (8.9 to 11.6) | 34.3 (33.0 to 35.7) | 58.9 (58.2 to 59.5) |
| Age group (years) | ||||||
| 15–29 | 17.6 (16.1 to 19.2) | 24.4 (23.1 to 25.9) | 45.3 (44.5 to 46.1) | 10.9 (9.6 to 12.2) | 17.6 (16.4 to 18.8) | 29.4 (28.2 to 30.5) |
| 30–44 | 33.1 (31.6 to 34.7) | 34.1 (33.0 to 35.2) | 27.9 (27.4 to 28.4) | 44.9 (43.3 to 46.5) | 47.0 (45.6 to 48.3) | 23.9 (23.0 to 24.8) |
| 45–59 | 28.6 (27.1 to 30.1) | 23.5 (22.4 to 24.6) | 15.8 (15.3 to 16.3) | 34.1 (32.5 to 35.7) | 26.2 (25.1 to 27.3) | 35.8 (34.8 to 36.9) |
| ≥60 | 20.7 (19.2 to 22.2) | 18.0 (16.9 to 19.0) | 10.9 (10.5 to 11.4) | 10.2 (.3 to 11.1) | 9.3 (8.6 to 10.1) | 10.9 (10.3 to 11.5) |
| Level of education | ||||||
| No formal school | 35.3 (33.5 to 37.1) | 35.7 (34.4 to 37.0) | 22.6 (21.8 to 23.5) | 39.6 (37.4 to 41.9) | 41.8 (40.3 to 43.4) | 36.1 (35.1 to 37.0) |
| Up to primary school | 28.8 (27.3 to 30.4) | 27.5 (26.3 to 28.6) | 17.8 (17.2 to 18.4) | 32.3 (30.5 to 34.2) | 29.9 (28.6 to 31.1) | 40.7 (39.9 to 41.5) |
| Up to secondary school | 25.4 (23.9 to 27.1) | 27.3 (26.1 to 28.6) | 32.7 (31.9 to 33.4) | 23.2 (21.6 to 24.8) | 23.7 (22.4 to 25.1) | 17.7 (17.1 to 18.3) |
| Higher secondary and above | 10.4 (9.3 to 11.7) | 9.5 (8.6 to 10.6) | 27.0 (26.0 to 27.9) | 4.9 (4.2 to 5.7) | 4.6 (4.1 to 5.2) | 5.5 (5.2 to 5.9) |
| Residence | ||||||
| Urban | 26.7 (25.0 to 28.5) | 24.6 (22.7 to 26.6) | 38.1 (36.9 to 29.2) | 23.5 (21.6 to 25.4) | 19.9 (18.4 to 21.6) | 33.4 (31.6 to 35.2) |
| Rural | 73.3 (71.5 to 75.0) | 75.4 (73.4 to 77.3) | 61.9 (60.8 to 63.1) | 76.5 (74.6 to 78.4) | 80.1 (78.4 to 81.6) | 66.6 (64.8 to 68.4) |
| Region | ||||||
| North | 11.6 (10.7 to 12.5) | 3.0 (2.6 to 3.4) | 9.8 (9.4 to 10.3) | 5.1 (4.4 to 5.9) | 1.4 (1.2 to 1.7) | 6.4 (5.6 to 7.4) |
| Central | 33.4 (30.8 to 360) | 36.4 (34.5 to 38.3) | 27.1 (26.1 to 28.2) | 36.0 (32.3 to 39.9) | 36.7 (33.1 to 40.5) | 30.8 (27.9 to 33.8) |
| East | 20.9 (19.3 to 22.5) | 27.2 (25.7 to 28.7) | 20.2 (19.4 to 21.1) | 23.7 (20.4 to 27.3) | 30.7 (27.3 to 34.4) | 17.6 (15.5 to 19.9) |
| North East | 5.9 (5.3 to 6.4) | 7.0 (6.5 to 7.5) | 2.6 (2.5 to 2.8) | 5.0 (4.3 to 5.7) | 4.8 (4.2 to 5.6) | 3.1 (2.7 to 3.5) |
| West | 7.2 (6.3 to 8.3) | 15.8 (14.1 to 17.6) | 15.6 (14.6 to 16.6) | 8.6 (7.3 to 10.2) | 14.6 (12.6 to 16.8) | 15.8 (14.0 to 17.8) |
| South | 21.1 (19.4 to 22.9) | 10.7 (9.5 to 11.9) | 24.6 (23.6 to 25.6) | 21.6 (18.8 to 24.6) | 11.8 (10.0 to 13.8) | 26.3 (23.7 to 29.0) |