Total | Have you ever directly cared for a patient with COVID-19? | ||||
Yes | No | P value | |||
Depression | (n=425) | (n=292) | (n=133) | <0.001 | |
PHQ-9 | None | 197 (46.4%) | 116 (39.7%) | 81 (60.9%) | |
Mild | 139 (32.7%) | 99 (33.9%) | 40 (30.1%) | ||
Moderate | 50 (11.8%) | 43 (14.7%) | 7 (5.3%) | ||
Severe | 39 (9.2%) | 34 (11.6%) | 5 (3.8%) | ||
Anxiety | (n=418) | (n=287) | (n=131) | 0.017 | |
GAD-7 | Minimal | 208 (49.8%) | 131 (45.6%) | 77 (58.8%) | |
Mild | 148 (35.4%) | 104 (36.2%) | 44 (33.6%) | ||
Moderate | 33 (7.9%) | 27 (9.4%) | 6 (4.6%) | ||
Severe | 29 (6.9%) | 25 (8.7%) | 4 (3.1%) | ||
Insomnia | (n=418) | (n=287) | (n=131) | 0.001 | |
ISI | None | 246 (58.9%) | 156 (54.4%) | 90 (68.7%) | |
Subthreshold | 127 (30.4%) | 90 (31.4%) | 37 (28.2%) | ||
Moderate | 39 (9.3%) | 36 (12.5%) | 3 (2.3%) | ||
Severe | 6 (1.4%) | 5 (1.7%) | 1 (0.8%) | ||
Distress | (n=410) | (n=281) | (n=129) | 0.008 | |
IES-R | Normal | 283 (69.0%) | 185 (65.8%) | 98 (76.0%) | |
Mild | 44 (10.7%) | 28 (10.0%) | 16 (12.4%) | ||
Moderate | 24 (5.9%) | 17 (6.0%) | 7 (5.4%) | ||
Severe | 59 (14.4%) | 51 (18.1%) | 8 (6.2%) | ||
Burnout | (n=404) | (n=278) | (n=126) | ||
≤1.33 | 219 (54.2%) | 130 (46.8%) | 89 (70.6%) | <0.001 | |
>1.33 | 185 (45.8%) | 148 (53.2%) | 37 (29.4%) | ||
Professional fulfilment | |||||
≤3.00 | 327 (81.1%) | 231 (83.1%) | 96 (76.8%) | 0.168 | |
>3.00 | 76 (18.9%) | 47 (16.9%) | 29 (23.2%) | ||
IES-R subscales | |||||
Avoidance subscale | 0.80 (0.10, 1.40) | 0.90 (0.10, 1.80) | 0.60 (0.00, 1.10) | 0.032 | |
Intrusion subscale | 0.65 (0.10, 1.30) | 0.80 (0.10, 1.50) | 0.60 (0.00, 1.10) | 0.065 | |
Hyperarousal subscale | 0.40 (0.00, 1.20) | 0.50 (0.20, 1.30) | 0.30 (0.00, 0.80) | 0.041 | |
Burnout subscales | |||||
Professional fulfilment | 54.17 (37.50, 75.00) | 50.00 (33.33, 75.00) | 58.33 (45.83, 75.00) | <0.001 | |
Work exhaustion | 43.75 (25.00, 68.75) | 50.00 (25.00, 75.00) | 31.25 (18.75, 50.00) | <0.001 | |
Interpersonal disengagement | 20.42 (0.00, 37.50) | 25.00 (0.00, 41.67) | 8.33 (0.00, 25.00) | <0.001 |
GAD-7, 7-item Generalized Anxiety Disorder; IES-R, Impact of Event Scale-Revised; ISI, Insomnia Severity Index; PHQ-9, 9-item Patient Health Questionnaire.