COVID-19-related knowledge, attitudes and preventive behaviour during the first wave in Spain
| Knowledge | COVID-19 case | P value | |||
| No | Yes | ||||
| n | % | n | % | ||
| Main symptoms* | |||||
| Fever | 3195 | 98.7 | 161 | 99.4 | 0.397 |
| Cough | 3105 | 96.0 | 161 | 99.4 | 0.011 |
| Fatigue | 2282 | 70.5 | 141 | 87.0 | <0.001 |
| Body pain | 2007 | 62.0 | 127 | 78.4 | <0.001 |
| Respiratory distress | 2964 | 91.6 | 150 | 92.6 | 0.394 |
| Diarrhoea | 1407 | 43.5 | 98 | 60.5 | <0.001 |
| Transmission* | |||||
| Drops when coughing or speaking | 3189 | 98.6 | 161 | 99.4 | 0.324 |
| Contaminated surfaces | 2898 | 89.6 | 141 | 87.0 | 0.186 |
| Physical contact with someone infected | 2490 | 77.0 | 138 | 85.2 | 0.007 |
| Through pets | 3174 | 98.3 | 165 | 96.3 | 0.068 |
| Prevention measures* | |||||
| Wear a mask | 2754 | 85.1 | 141 | 87.0 | 0.293 |
| Wash your hands frequently | 3214 | 99.3 | 161 | 99.4 | 0.699 |
| Clean surfaces frequently | 2741 | 84.7 | 143 | 88.3 | 0.129 |
| Stay at home | 2061 | 63.7 | 97 | 59.9 | 0.184 |
| Cover your mouth and nose with your bent elbow or tissue when you cough or sneeze | 2807 | 86.7 | 146 | 90.1 | 0.128 |
| Keep a distance of 2 metres | 3045 | 94.1 | 150 | 92.6 | 0.259 |
| Attitudes | |||||
| You think the coronavirus is a disease that is… | 0.347 | ||||
| Mild | 35 | 1.1 | 4 | 2.5 | |
| Moderate | 509 | 15.7 | 26 | 16.1 | |
| Severe | 1514 | 46.8 | 79 | 48.8 | |
| Very severe | 1178 | 36.4 | 53 | 32.7 | |
| Emotional impact | |||||
| How worried are you about COVID-19? | 0.453 | ||||
| Not at all | 15 | 0.5 | 1 | 0.6 | |
| A little | 284 | 8.8 | 12 | 7.4 | |
| Quite | 956 | 29.5 | 43 | 26.5 | |
| Very worried | 1154 | 35.7 | 54 | 33.3 | |
| Extremely | 827 | 25.6 | 52 | 32.1 | |
| In the last 2 weeks, you felt depressed… | 0.010 | ||||
| Never | 886 | 27.4 | 35 | 21.6 | |
| Once | 426 | 13.2 | 19 | 11.7 | |
| Sometimes | 1673 | 51.7 | 90 | 55.6 | |
| Once a day | 145 | 4.5 | 5 | 3.1 | |
| Always | 106 | 3.3 | 13 | 8.0 | |
| Preventive behaviour | |||||
| During the lockdown you have… | |||||
| Washed your hands frequently | 3113 | 96.2 | 153 | 94.4 | 0.176 |
| Kept distance of 2 metres | 3095 | 95.6 | 151 | 93.2 | 0.107 |
| Changed clothes when you come back from outside | 2011 | 62.1 | 99 | 61.1 | 0.804 |
| Kept shoes at the entrance of the house | 2080 | 64.3 | 97 | 60.0 | 0.275 |
| Cleaned knobs and switches frequently | 1416 | 43.8 | 98 | 60.5 | <0.001 |
| Washed clothes with hot water | 1128 | 34.9 | 84 | 51.9 | <0.001 |
| Since the lockdown you wear a mask… | |||||
| Always outside the home | 1630 | 50.4 | 108 | 66.7 | <0.001 |
| At work | 591 | 18.3 | 46 | 28.4 | 0.001 |
| Never | 226 | 7.0 | 5 | 3.1 | 0.030 |
| Since the lockdown you wear gloves… | |||||
| Always outside the home | 912 | 28.2 | 59 | 36.4 | 0.026 |
| At work | 506 | 15.6 | 43 | 26.5 | <0.001 |
| Never | 541 | 16.7 | 22 | 13.6 | 0.331 |
| Since the lockdown you have left home… | <0.001 | ||||
| Every day | 510 | 15.8 | 28 | 17.3 | |
| Time to time | 2262 | 69.9 | 91 | 56.2 | |
| I have not been out since | 464 | 14.3 | 43 | 26.5 | |
*Correct answers.