Main estimates of gender wage gap
Dependent variable: hourly wages in main DHB job (ln) | ||||||
1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | |
Female | −0.237‡ | −0.106‡ | −0.097‡ | −0.134‡ | −0.137‡ | −0.119‡ |
(0.019) | (0.015) | (0.015) | (0.015) | (0.015) | (0.015) | |
Hours worked in main DHB job (omitted 41–50 hours) | ||||||
30 or fewer | 0.230‡ | 0.232‡ | 0.197‡ | |||
(0.024) | (0.024) | (0.027) | ||||
31–40 | 0.044‡ | 0.045‡ | 0.041† | |||
(0.017) | (0.017) | (0.017) | ||||
51–60 | −0.149‡ | −0.151‡ | −0.141‡ | |||
(0.015) | (0.015) | (0.016) | ||||
Over 60 | −0.288‡ | −0.291‡ | −0.278‡ | |||
(0.022) | (0.022) | (0.022) | ||||
One-child family | 0.015 | |||||
(0.021) | ||||||
Family with two or more children | 0.004 | |||||
(0.019) | ||||||
Highest qualification (omitted bachelor’s degree) | ||||||
Honours and master’s | 0.029* | |||||
(0.016) | ||||||
Doctorate | 0.090‡ | |||||
(0.018) | ||||||
Foreign born | −0.012 | |||||
(0.020) | ||||||
Overseas trained | 0.041† | |||||
(0.021) | ||||||
Reports any non-European ethnicity | −0.021 | |||||
(0.024) | ||||||
Reports Asian ethnicity | −0.002 | |||||
(0.027) | ||||||
Social marital status (omitted non-partnered, never married or in civil union) | ||||||
Partnered | 0.014 | |||||
(0.021) | ||||||
Previously partnered | −0.064 | |||||
(0.047) | ||||||
Self-employed | −0.010 | |||||
(0.020) | ||||||
Hours worked in other jobs (omitted 0 hours) | ||||||
1–10 | 0.091‡ | |||||
(0.022) | ||||||
11–25 | 0.032 | |||||
(0.028) | ||||||
26–40 | 0.130‡ | |||||
(0.049) | ||||||
Over 40 | 0.233‡ | |||||
(0.069) | ||||||
Flexible age controls | No | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
Specialty fixed effects | No | No | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
DHB fixed effects | No | No | No | No | Yes | Yes |
R2 | 0.045 | 0.458 | 0.480 | 0.535 | 0.540 | 0.552 |
Observations | 3510 | 3510 | 3510 | 3510 | 3510 | 3402 |
Each column presents results from an ordinary least squares regression with dependent variable log hourly wage in main DHB job. Flexible age controls are an age spline of order 4. All observation counts have been randomly rounded to base 3. Robust SEs are in parentheses
*P<0.10.
†P<0.05.
‡P<0.01.
DHB, district health board; OLS, ordinary least squares.