HR of neighbourhood walkability quintiles—ages 20–64 years
| Unadjusted HR | Unadjusted p value | Adjusted HR | Adjusted p value | |
| Sex | ||||
| Male | 1.00 (–) | – | 1.00 (–) | – |
| Female | 1.13 (1.06 to 1.20) | <0.0001 | 1.12 (1.05 to 1.20) | 0.0011 |
| Age, years | ||||
| 20–34 | 1.00 (–) | – | 1.00 (–) | – |
| 35–49 | 1.70 (1.58 to 1.83) | <0.0001 | 1.63 (1.50 to 1.76) | <0.0001 |
| 50–64 | 2.97 (2.73 to 3.23) | <0.0001 | 2.78 (2.53 to 3.06) | <0.0001 |
| Education | ||||
| Less than high school | 1.00 (–) | – | 1.00 (–) | – |
| High school completed | 0.80 (0.68 to 0.94) | 0.0079 | 0.82 (0.69 to 0.98) | 0.0287 |
| Some post-secondary | 0.69 (0.57 to 0.84) | 0.0002 | 0.79 (0.64 to 0.97) | 0.0245 |
| Post-secondary completed | 0.71 (0.62 to 0.82) | <0.0001 | 0.82 (0.71 to 0.96) | 0.0130 |
| Income group | ||||
| 0–$C19 999 | 1.02 (0.89 to 1.18) | 0.7523 | 0.85 (0.73 to 0.99) | 0.0321 |
| $C20 000–$C39 999 | 1.00 (0.89 to 1.12) | 0.9751 | 0.89 (0.79 to 1.01) | 0.0690 |
| $C40 000–$C59 999 | 1.24 (1.11 to 1.37) | <0.0001 | 1.12 (1.00 to 1.25) | 0.0578 |
| $C60 000–$C79 999 | 1.15 (1.06 to 1.24) | 0.0008 | 0.98 (0.89 to 1.08) | 0.7107 |
| $C80 000+ | 1.00 (–) | – | 1.00 (–) | – |
| Marital status | ||||
| Married/common law | 1.00 (–) | – | 1.00 (–) | – |
| Widow/separated/divorced | 1.24 (1.12 to 1.37) | <0.0001 | 1.08 (0.97 to 1.21) | 0.1780 |
| Single | 0.62 (0.58 to 0.67) | <0.0001 | 0.96 (0.88 to 1.05) | 0.3556 |
| Smoker type | ||||
| Regular/former | 1.14 (1.07 to 1.21) | <0.0001 | 1.05 (0.99 to 1.13) | 0.1188 |
| Occasional/non-smoker | 1.00 (–) | – | 1.00 (–) | – |
| Physical activity | ||||
| Active | 1.00 (–) | – | 1.00 (–) | – |
| Inactive | 1.13 (1.06 to 1.20) | 0.0001 | 1.01 (0.95 to 1.08) | 0.7533 |
| Life stress | ||||
| None/low stress | 1.00 (–) | – | 1.00 (–) | – |
| High stress | 1.26 (1.07 to 1.47) | 0.0044 | 1.09 (0.92 to 1.30) | 0.3210 |
| Self-perceived health | ||||
| Excellent | 1.00 (–) | – | 1.00 (–) | – |
| Very good | 1.11 (1.03 to 1.20) | 0.0070 | 1.15 (1.06 to 1.26) | 0.0009 |
| Good | 1.34 (1.23 to 1.46) | <0.0001 | 1.37 (1.25 to 1.50) | <0.0001 |
| Fair | 2.08 (1.78 to 2.42) | <0.0001 | 1.94 (1.65 to 2.28) | <0.0001 |
| Poor | 2.11 (1.56 to 2.85) | <0.0001 | 1.82 (1.32 to 2.51) | 0.0003 |
| CCHS cycles | ||||
| Years (2000–2012) | 0.91 (0.90 to 0.93) | <0.0001 | 0.90 (0.88 to 0.93) | <0.0001 |
| Walkability Index (DA-lvl) | ||||
| Q1 (least walkable) | 1.20 (1.08 to 1.35) | 0.0010 | 1.14 (1.02 to 1.28) | 0.0230 |
| 2 | 1.19 (1.07 to 1.34) | 0.0021 | 1.13 (1.00 to 1.27) | 0.0450 |
| 3 | 1.20 (1.07 to 1.35) | 0.0014 | 1.08 (0.96 to 1.21) | 0.1980 |
| 4 | 1.13 (1.00 to 1.27) | 0.0414 | 1.07 (0.95 to 1.21) | 0.2689 |
| Q5 (most walkable) | 1.00 (–) | – | 1.00 (–) | – |
CCHS, Canadian Community Health Survey.