Main characteristics of women included in MOACC-19 study
| Variable | Whole cohort (n=1167) | Subcohort 1 (women delivering before 26 May 2020) (n=266) | Subcohort 2 (women delivering from 26 May 2020 on) (n=354) | Subcohort 3 (women in their 12th week of pregnancy from 26 May 2020) (n=547) | P value |
| Age, mean±SD | 34.0±5.0 | 34.4±4.8 | 33.8±5.2 | 34.0±5.0 | 0.38 |
| Age | |||||
| <25 | 45 (3.9) | 8 (3.0) | 18 (5.1) | 19 (3.5) | 0.71 |
| 25–29 | 161 (13.8) | 33 (12.4) | 53 (15.1) | 75 (13.7) | |
| 30–34 | 377 (32.4) | 85 (32.0) | 114 (32.4) | 178 (32.5) | |
| 35–39 | 436 (37.4) | 106 (39.9) | 119 (33.8) | 211 (38.6) | |
| >40 | 146 (12.5) | 34 (12.8) | 48 (13.6) | 64 (11.7) | |
| Nationality | |||||
| European | 1014 (87.7) | 241 (90.9) | 303 (87.3) | 470 (86.4) | 0.43 |
| African | 18 (1.6) | 2 (0.8) | 8 (2.3) | 8 (1.5) | |
| Asiatic | 7 (0.6) | 1 (0.4) | 3 (0.9) | 3 (0.6) | |
| Latino-America | 117 (10.1) | 21 (7.9) | 33 (9.5) | 63 (11.6) | |
| Education level | |||||
| Primary | 175 (15.1) | 33 (12.4) | 50 (14.4) | 92 (16.9) | 0.007 |
| Secondary | 73 (6.3) | 18 (6.8) | 34 (9.8) | 21 (3.9) | |
| Vocational training | 369 (31.8) | 99 (37.2) | 98 (28.2) | 172 (31.5) | |
| University | 543 (46.8) | 116 (43.6) | 166 (47.7) | 261 (47.8) | |
| Working status | |||||
| Unemployed/no active worker | 277 (23.9) | 56 (21.2) | 89 (25.5) | 132 (24.2) | 0.55 |
| Employed | 864 (74.6) | 205 (77.7) | 256 (73.4) | 403 (73.8) | |
| Student | 18 (1.6) | 3 (1.1) | 4 (1.2) | 11 (2.0) | |
| Gestational age leave work, mean±SD | 24.3±9.8 | 25.3±9.3 | 23.5±10.1 | – | 0.06 |
| Fertilisation type | |||||
| Natural | 557 (91.5) | 245 (92.8) | 312 (90.4) | – | 0.42 |
| Artificial insemination | 8 (1.3) | 2 (0.8) | 6 (1.7) | – | |
| In vitro fertilisation (own ovules) | 32 (5.3) | 14 (5.3) | 18 (5.2) | – | |
| In vitro fertilisation (donated ovules) | 12 (2.0) | 3 (1.1) | 9 (2.6) | – | |
| Pregestational BMI, mean±SD | 24.4±4.8 | 24.3±4.8 | 24.3±5.1 | 24.5±4.6 | 0.74 |
| Gestational weight gain, mean±SD | 12.1±5.1 | 11.9±5.4 | 12.3±4.9 | – | 0.29 |
| Smoker in pregnancy | 85 (7.3) | 31 (11.7) | 54 (15.4) | 0 (0.0) | <0.001 |
| Alcohol consumption in pregnancy | 28 (2.4) | 13 (4.9) | 15 (4.3) | 0 (0.0) | <0.001 |
| Parity (including current delivery) | |||||
| 1 | 335 (54.4) | 132 (49.6) | 203 (58.0) | – | 0.23 |
| 2 | 235 (38.2) | 114 (42.9) | 121 (34.6) | – | |
| ≥3 | 46 (7.5) | 20 (7.5) | 26 (7.4) | – | |
| Type of delivery | |||||
| Eutocic | 456 (75.0) | 195 (73.9) | 261 (75.9) | – | 0.81 |
| Instrumental | 40 (6.6) | 19 (7.2) | 21 (6.1) | – | |
| Caesarean rate | 112 (18.4) | 50 (18.9) | 62 (18.0) | – | |
| COVID-19 RT-PCR (women) | |||||
| Positive | 14 (2.3) | 5 (1.9) | 9 (2.6) | – | 0.56 |
| Negative | 600 (97.7) | 261 (98.1) | 339 (97.4) | – | |
| COVID-19 RT-PCR (partner) | |||||
| Positive | 12 (2.0) | 1 (0.4) | 11 (3.2) | – | 0.02 |
| Negative | 575 (98.0) | 247 (99.6) | 328 (96.8) | – | |
| Pathology in pregnancy | 409 (65.3) | 178 (66.9) | 231 (65.3) | – | 0.67 |
| Gestational diabetes | 46 (7.4) | 18 (6.8) | 28 (7.9) | – | 0.59 |
| Gestational diabetes with insulin | 26 (4.2) | 13 (4.9) | 13 (3.7) | – | 0.46 |
| Gestational hypertension | 22 (3.6) | 9 (3.4) | 13 (3.7) | – | 0.85 |
| Chronic hypertension | 5 (0.8) | 2 (0.8) | 3 (0.9) | – | 0.90 |
| Pre-eclampsia | 24 (3.9) | 9 (3.4) | 15 (4.2) | – | 0.59 |
| Placenta previa | 0 | 0 | 0 | – | – |
| Placental abruption | 6 (1.0) | 3 (1.1) | 3 (0.9) | – | 0.72 |
| Threatened miscarriage | 26 (4.2) | 14 (5.3) | 12 (3.4) | – | 0.25 |
| Metrorrhagia (second half pregnancy) | 5 (0.8) | 3 (1.1) | 2 (0.6) | – | 0.44 |
| Prelabour rupture of membranes | 3 (0.5) | 1 (0.4) | 2 (0.6) | – | 0.74 |
| Intrahepatic cholestasis | 4 (0.7) | 3 (1.1) | 1 (0.3) | – | 0.19 |
| Oligoamnios | 3 (0.5) | 3 (1.1) | 0 | – | 0.05 |
| Polyamnios | 0 | 0 | 0 | – | – |
| Surgery | 10 (1.6) | 6 (2.3) | 4 (1.1) | – | 0.27 |
| Threatened premature delivery | 12 (1.9) | 5 (1.9) | 7 (2.0) | – | 0.93 |
| Chorioamnionitis | 1 (0.2) | 0 | 1 (0.3) | – | 0.39 |
| Chromosomopathies | 3 (0.5) | 3 (1.1) | 0 | – | 0.05 |
BMI, body mass index.