Exploratory effectiveness outcomes
| Proportion (%) of participants consuming a course of antibiotics (or part thereof) at 2 weeks (risk ratio (95% CI))* | Proportion (%) of participants consuming a course of antibiotics (or part thereof) at 4 weeks (risk ratio (95% CI))* | Mean (SD) number of courses of antibiotics consumed at 2 weeks (adjusted incidence rate ratio (95% CI))*† | Mean (SD) number of courses of antibiotics consumed at 4 weeks (adjusted incidence rate ratio (95% CI))*† | Median (IQR) number of days of symptoms rated moderately bad or worse (adjusted incidence rate ratio (95% CI))*† | Mean (SD) symptom burden from day 2 to 4 inclusive (adjusted mean difference (95% CI))*†‡ | Median (IQR) days to feeling fully recovered (adjusted HR (95% CI))*† | Proportion (%) of participants experiencing double sickening up to 2 weeks (risk ratio (95% CI))* | |
| Group 1 (control) n=15 | 15/15 (100) Missing: 0/15 | 15/15 (100) Missing: 0/15 | 1.5 (0.5) Missing: 0/15 | 1.6 (0.6) Missing: 0/15 | 2 (1–2) Missing: 0/15 | 6.3 (3.4) Missing: 1/15 | 5 (4–6) Missing: 0/15 | 6/14 (42.9) Missing: 1/15 |
| Group 2 n=15 | 13/13 (100) (1 (1 to 1)) Missing: 2/15 | 13/13 (100) (1 (1 to 1)) Missing: 2/15 | 1.1 (0.3) (0.7 (0.4 to 1.4)) Missing: 2/15 | 1.2 (0.4) (0.7 (0.4 to 1.4)) Missing: 2/15 | 2 (1–3) (1.2 (0.7 to 2.1)) Missing: 2/15 | 6.2 (8.0) (0.6 (−4.0 to 5.3)) Missing: 4/15 | 4 (3–6) (1.7 (0.7 to 4.1)) Missing: 2/15 | 3/11 (27.3) (0.6 (0.2 to 2.0)) Missing: 4/15 |
| Group 3 n=16 | 11/14 (78.6) (0.8 (0.6 to 1.0)) Missing: 2/16 | 11/14 (78.6) (0.8 (0.6 to 1.0)) Missing: 2/16 | 0.9 (0.6) (0.6 (0.3 to 1.2)) Missing: 2/16 | 0.9 (0.6) (0.6 (0.3 to 1.2)) Missing: 2/16 | 4 (2–8) (2.9 (1.7 to 5.1)) Missing: 4/16 | 11.2 (8.5) (7.9 (2.6 to 13.2)) Missing: 7/16 | 13 (5–9) (0.6 (0.2 to 1.4)) Missing: 3/16 | 0/12 (0) (0 (N/A)) Missing: 4/16 |
Group 1—immediate antibiotics alone (control); group 2—immediate antibiotics and immediate cranberry; group 3—immediate cranberry and delayed antibiotics.
*Group 2 and group 3 were compared with group 1 (controls).
†Model adjusted for site.
‡The mean symptom burden for each participant was calculated by summing the total ratings for all symptoms between day 2 and day 4 (inclusive) and dividing this by the number of symptom ratings made by the participant between day 2 and day 4 (inclusive).
N/A, not applicable.