Association between predictors and unfavourable outcome in development data set
| Prognostic variables | Total (n=682) | Unfavourable outcome (n=482) n (row %) | P value | Unadjusted OR (95% CI) | Adjusted OR (95% CI) |
| Age (years) | |||||
| ≤18* | 116 | 71 (61.2) | <0.001 | 1 | 1 |
| 19–30 | 231 | 145 (62.8) | 1.1 (0.7 to 1.7) | 1.4 (0.7 to 2.6) | |
| 31–40 | 145 | 102 (70.3) | 1.5 (0.9 to 2.5) | 1.8 (0.9 to 3.7) | |
| 41–50 | 95 | 77 (81.1) | 2.7 (1.4 to 5.1) | 3.5 (1.6 to 8.3) | |
| 51–60 | 51 | 46 (90.2) | 5.8 (2.1 to 15.8) | 5.3 (1.6 to 17.5) | |
| >60 | 44 | 41 (93.2) | 8.7 (2.5 to 29.6) | 12.8 (3.0 to 53.7) | |
| Gender | – | ||||
| Male* | 587 | 410 (70.0) | <0.238 | 1 | |
| Female | 95 | 72 (75.8) | 1.3 (0.8 to 2.2) | ||
| Motor score | |||||
| 1 | 121 | 117 (96.7) | <0.001 | 45.6 (16.2 to 127.7) | 4.4 (1.3 to 14.9) |
| 2 | 169 | 156 (92.3) | 18.7 (10.0 to 34.9) | 7.6 (3.8 to 15.3) | |
| 3 | 49 | 42 (85.7) | 9.3 (4.0 to 21.7) | 8.0 (3.2 to 20.3) | |
| 4 | 105 | 74 (70.5) | 3.7 (2.3 to 6.1) | 3.3 (1.9 to 5.8) | |
| 5/6* | 238 | 93 (39.0) | 1 | 1 | |
| PR | |||||
| Both reacted* | 431 | 247 (57.3) | <0.001 | 1 | 1 |
| One reacted | 77 | 66 (85.7) | 4.5 (2.3 to 8.7) | 2.8 (1.3 to 6.4) | |
| No reacted | 174 | 169 (97.1) | 25.2 (10.1 to 62.5) | 5.8 (2.1 to 16.4) | |
| Limb movement | |||||
| Bilateral well* | 463 | 286 (61.8) | <0.001 | 1 | 1 |
| Unequal | 108 | 88 (81.5) | 2.7 (1.6 to 4.6) | 2.1 (1.1 to 4.0) | |
| Bilateral absent | 111 | 108 (97.3) | 22.3 (7.0 to 71.2) | 3.5 (0.9 to 13.4) | |
| MEI | |||||
| No* | 473 | 333 (70.4) | 0.814 | 1 | |
| Yes | 209 | 149 (71.3) | 1.0 (0.7 to 1.5) | – | |
| Hypotension | |||||
| No* | 446 | 258 (57.8) | <0.001 | 1 | 1 |
| Yes | 236 | 224 (95.0) | 13.6 (7.4 to 25.0) | 7.2 (3.4 to 15.0) | |
| Midline shift | |||||
| No (≤5 mm)* | 373 | 238 (63.8) | <0.001 | 1 | 1 |
| Yes (>5 mm) | 309 | 244 (79.0) | 2.1 (1.5 to 3.0) | 1.2 (0.7 to 2.1) | |
| SDH | |||||
| No* | 336 | 221 (65.8) | 0.006 | 1 | 1 |
| Yes | 346 | 261 (75.4) | 1.6 (1.1 to 2.2) | 0.9 (0.6 to 1.5) | |
| EDH | |||||
| No* | 577 | 418 (72.4) | 0.017 | 1 | 1 |
| Yes | 105 | 64 (61.0) | 0.6 (0.4 to 0.9) | 0.6 (0.4 to 1.1) | |
| BCE | |||||
| No* | 538 | 360 (66.9) | <0.001 | 1 | 1 |
| Yes | 144 | 122 (84.7) | 2.7 (1.7 to 4.5) | 1.6 (0.9 to 3.1) | |
| tSAH/IVH | |||||
| No* | 376 | 243 (64.6) | <0.001 | 1 | 1 |
| Yes | 306 | 239 (78.0) | 1.9 (1.4 to 2.7) | 1.4 (0.9 to 2.3) | |
*Referent category; motor score: 1-no motor response, 2-extension to pain, 3-flexion to pain, 4-withdrawal from pain, 5/6-localising pain/Obeys commands.
BCE, basal cistern effaced; ; EDH, epidural haematoma; IVH, intraventricular haemorrhage; MEI, major extracranial injury; PR, Pupillary reactivity; SDH, subdural haematoma; tSAH, traumatic subarachnoid haemorrhage.