Frequency of funding sources and conflicts of interest in journal articles, press releases and news reports
| All studies | Studies with media coverage | |||
| 2011 | 2015 | 2011 | 2015 | |
| Information in journal article | N=996 | N=254 | N=429 | N=134 |
| Funding source reported | ||||
| Any funding reported | 94% (934/996) | 84% (214/254) | 93% (401/429) | 82% (110/134) |
| Any industry | 17% (169/996) | 7% (17/254) | 19% (82/429) | 7% (9/134) |
| Single non-industry sources | ||||
| Government | 6% (56/996) | 28% (71/254) | 6% (24/429) | 22% (30/134) |
| Charity | 13% (125/996) | 6% (16/254) | 13% (55/429) | 8% (11/134) |
| Internal/other | 4% (38/996) | 8% (20/254) | 4% (18/429) | 8% (11/134) |
| Multiple non-industry sources | 55% (546/996) | 41% (104/254) | 52% (222/429) | 42% (56/134) |
| None stated | 6% (62/996) | 16% (40/254) | 7% (28/429) | 18% (24/134) |
| Authors COI disclosed | ||||
| Declare ‘none’ | 57% (563/996) | 50% (126/254) | 54% (231/429) | 48% (64/134) |
| Declare >1 conflict | 27% (268/996) | 22% (55/254) | 29% (123/429) | 21% (28/134) |
| No statement | 16% (165/996) | 29% (73/254) | 17% (75/429) | 31% (42/134) |
| Information in press releases | ||||
| Funding source reported | ||||
| Report any funding source | ||||
| All press releases | 29% (284/996) | 52% (131/254) | 35% (150/429) | 57% (76/134) |
| University | 59% (253/426) | – | 62% (127/206) | – |
| Journal | 5% (31/570) | – | 10% (23/223) | – |
| Report industry funding as % of studies with industry funding | 14% (24/169) | 41% (7/17) | 24% (20/82) | 44% (4/9) |
| Authors COI disclosed | ||||
| Report COI as % of studies where COI declared | 0.5% (1/268) | 2% (1/55) | 0% (0/123) | 4% (1/28) |
| Report no COI as % of studies that declared none | 1% (4/563) | 0% (0/126) | 0.4% (1/231) | 0% (0/64) |
| Information in news stories | ||||
| Funding source reported | ||||
| Report any funding | – | – | 9% (112/1250) | 10% (58/578) |
| Report industry funding as % of studies with industry funding | – | – | 17% (38/226) | 0% (0/27) |
| Authors COI disclosed | ||||
| Report COI as % of studies where COI declared | – | – | 1% (4/380) | 0% (0/114) |
| Report no COI as % of studies that declared none | – | – | 0.1% (1/675) | 0% (0/286) |
Studies could belong to more than one funding category (eg, government and industry).
COI, conflict of interest.