Table 5

Logistic regression models of association between lifestyle transition and poor subjective sleep quality among women

VariablesORs (95% CI)
Model 1Model 2Model 3
Age0.826 (0.787 to 0.868)*N/A†0.983 (0.978 to 0.989)*
BMI change
 Normal to normalref.ref.ref.
 Underweight/overweight to normal1.037 (0.849 to 1.266)1.037 (0.849 to 1.267)1.025 (0.838 to 1.254)
 Underweight/normal/overweight to underweight1.135 (0.984 to 1.310)1.109 (0.961 to 1.280)1.082 (0.936 to 1.251)
 Underweight/normal/overweight to overweight1.046 (0.956 to 1.143)1.048 (0.958 to 1.146)0.999 (0.911 to 1.096)
Hypertension
 Absent to absentref.ref.ref.
 Absent to present0.980 (0.872 to 1.101)1.031 (0.917 to 1.159)1.022 (0.908 to 1.150)
 Present to absent0.924 (0.819 to 1.041)0.978 (0.867 to 1.104)0.970 (0.858 to 1.096)
 Present to present0.896 (0.819 to 0.980)‡0.957 (0.874 to 1.049)0.960 (0.875 to 1.054)
Diabetes
 Absent to absentref.ref.ref.
 Absent to present0.835 (0.613 to 1.138)0.875 (0.642 to 1.193)0.883 (0.646 to 1.207)
 Present to absent1.106 (0.792 to 1.544)1.160 (0.831 to 1.621)1.184 (0.845 to 1.659)
 Present to present0.871 (0.726 to 1.045)0.912 (0.759 to 1.095)0.912 (0.757 to 1.098)
Smoking
 Absent to absentref.ref.ref.
 Absent to present1.546 (0.880 to 2.715)1.478 (0.840 to 2.599)1.404 (0.794 to 2.482)
 Present to absent1.193 (0.710 to 2.002)1.140 (0.678 to 1.915)1.084 (0.642 to 1.830)
 Present to present1.319 (1.105 to 1.575)*1.212 (1.013 to 1.449)‡1.153 (0.959 to 1.386)
Exercise
 Present to presentref.ref.ref.
 Present to absent1.787 (1.553 to 2.058)*1.769 (1.537 to 2.037)*1.563 (1.352 to 1.807)*
 Absent to present1.239 (1.063 to 1.443)*1.221 (1.048 to 1.423)*1.127 (0.964 to 1.318)
 Absent to absent1.826 (1.667 to 2.000)*1.747 (1.593 to 1.917)*1.428 (1.285 to 1.587)*
Physical activity
 Present to presentref.ref.ref.
 Present to absent1.633 (1.433 to 1.862)*1.619 (1.420 to 1.846)*1.416 (1.236 to 1.620)*
 Absent to present1.228 (1.067 to 1.413)*1.209 (1.050 to 1.391)*1.099 (0.951 to 1.271)
 Absent to absent1.831 (1.667 to 2.011)*1.765 (1.606 to 1.940)*1.471 (1.322 to 1.638)*
Supper time close to bedtime
 Absent to absentref.ref.ref.
 Absent to present1.247 (1.064 to 1.461)*1.255 (1.071 to 1.471)*1.254 (1.068 to 1.472)*
 Present to absent1.273 (1.091 to 1.486)*1.280 (1.096 to 1.494)*1.250 (1.069 to 1.461)*
 Present to present1.377 (1.181 to 1.605)*1.327 (1.138 to 1.548)*1.288 (1.102 to 1.505)*
Drinking habits
 Absent to absentref.ref.ref.
 Absent to present1.417 (1.203 to 1.667)*1.405 (1.193 to 1.654)*1.386 (1.176 to 1.635)*
 Present to absent0.990 (0.828 to 1.183)0.977 (0.817 to 1.168)0.957 (0.799 to 1.145)
 Present to present1.051 (0.970 to 1.139)1.017 (0.938 to 1.102)1.030 (0.942 to 1.125)
Alcohol intake amount
 Moderate to moderateref.ref.ref.
 Moderate to binge1.062 (0.872 to 1.292)1.009 (0.828 to 1.229)0.989 (0.807 to 1.211)
 Binge to moderate1.129 (0.935 to 1.364)1.069 (0.885 to 1.292)1.060 (0.872 to 1.289)
 Binge to binge1.037 (0.898 to 1.198)0.931 (0.804 to 1.078)0.900 (0.767 to 1.055)

  • *Indicates statistical significance for age, or statistical significance between referent and category when the variable has the referent, by logistic regression. The following three models were created and presented: crude model (model 1), age-adjusted model (model 2) and multivariate-adjusted model (model 3).

  • †N/A indicates ‘not applicable’, because age was input consistently in model 2 and thus their ORs and 95% CI were omitted.

  • ‡Statistical significance in this category was not discussed, because no statistical significance was found in the corresponding referent.

  • BMI, body mass index.