Bivariate analysis between non-communicable diseases risk factors and background characteristics of the adult population of Bangladesh (Χ2 test)
| Background characteristics | Current tobacco consumption (in any form) (n=8185) | Current alcohol consumption (in the past 30 days) (n=8185) | *Inadequate fruits and/or vegetables intake (n=8185) | †Insufficient physical activity (n=8185) | ‡Overweight/ obese (n=8013) | §Raised BP (hypertension) (n=8154) | ¶Raised glucose (diabetes) | **Raised total cholesterol |
| Age | % | % | % | % | % | % | % | % |
| 18–24 | 22.3 | 2.4 | 90.5 | 11.2 | 15.9 | 8.8 | 2.9 | 20.6 |
| 25–39 | 38.7 | 1.5 | 87.3 | 8.8 | 31.4 | 20.7 | 8.1 | 26.7 |
| 40–54 | 59.1 | 1 | 91.1 | 11.3 | 28.8 | 34.4 | 12.4 | 36.4 |
| 55–69 | 68.4 | 0.4 | 92.3 | 23.1 | 23.6 | 46.9 | 16.3 | 39.5 |
| Sex | ||||||||
| Male | 59.6 | 2.9 | 90 | 9.6 | 18.3 | 17.9 | 8.9 | 27.4 |
| Female | 28.3 | 0 | 89.3 | 14.8 | 33.7 | 24.1 | 7.9 | 29.3 |
| Residence | ||||||||
| Urban | 38.8 | 1.8 | 92.1 | 14.1 | 34.3 | 25.2 | 13.2 | 32.4 |
| Rural | 45.2 | 1.4 | 88.9 | 11.7 | 23.5 | 19.8 | 7.1 | 27.4 |
| Highest level of education | ||||||||
| No education/ <primary | 60.2 | 1.2 | 92.2 | 13 | 20.2 | 22.8 | 7.3 | 27 |
| Primary | 35.6 | 2 | 87.1 | 10.4 | 29.1 | 19.1 | 8.5 | 28.7 |
| Secondary | 26.9 | 1.4 | 88.9 | 11.9 | 29.8 | 17.8 | 8.3 | 29.4 |
| >Secondary | 22.8 | 1.1 | 88.1 | 14 | 33.9 | 22.5 | 13.1 | 33 |
| Marital status | ||||||||
| Never married | 31.6 | 3 | 90 | 7.7 | 11.4 | 9 | 2.2 | 18.8 |
| Currently married | 44.7 | 1.3 | 89.3 | 11.5 | 27.8 | 21.2 | 8.6 | 28.3 |
| Ever married†† | 57.3 | 0.2 | 94.8 | 35.6 | 30.3 | 47 | 13.6 | 45.9 |
| Occupation | ||||||||
| Employed | 60 | 2.7 | 89.2 | 6.8 | 17.9 | 16.1 | 7 | 25.1 |
| Businessman | 62.4 | 3.2 | 90.3 | 13.7 | 26.8 | 21.2 | 12.9 | 38 |
| Student | 15.4 | 1.1 | 91.6 | 9.8 | 10 | 9.1 | 2 | 17.3 |
| Homemaker | 29.1 | 0 | 90.1 | 14.5 | 34.5 | 25 | 8 | 29.2 |
| Unemployed | 51.8 | 2 | 83.7 | 40.4 | 24.6 | 33.5 | 14.9 | 29.5 |
| Others | 49.9 | 0.7 | 84.9 | 36.2 | 33.8 | 53.1 | 33.2 | 39.1 |
| Economic status | ||||||||
| Poorest | 49.6 | 2.2 | 92.2 | 13.8 | 19.3 | 18.8 | 7.9 | 26.9 |
| Poor | 44.6 | 0.9 | 89.7 | 11.6 | 26.3 | 21.2 | 9.2 | 26.3 |
| Average | 42.9 | 1 | 89.1 | 10.6 | 23.9 | 19.7 | 6.2 | 30.4 |
| Rich | 42.8 | 2 | 90.8 | 13.7 | 26.3 | 21.1 | 7.9 | 28.5 |
| Richest | 38.6 | 1.2 | 85.9 | 11.5 | 34.3 | 24.9 | 11.9 | 29.7 |
| Overall | 43.7 | 1.5 | 89.6 | 12.3 | 25.9 | 21 | 8.3 | 28.4 |
All the differences of findings are statistically significant at the p value <0.05.
*Participants taking less than five servings of fruits and/or vegetables on average per day.
†Participants doing less than 150 min of moderate-intensity physical activity per week.
‡Overweight and obese: BMI ≥25 kg/m2.
§Raised BP: Systolic BP ≥140 mm Hg or diastolic BP ≥90 mm Hg.
¶Raised blood sugar: ≥7.0 mmol/L or, ≥126 mg/dl.
**Raised total cholesterol: ≥5.0 mmol/L.
††Ever married: Separated/divorced/widow/widowed.
%, percentage; BMI, body mass index; BP, blood pressure; n, number.