Multivariable logistic regression models of factors associated with the awareness of fistula among women of reproductive age
| Characteristics | Model 1 OR (95% CI) | Model 2 AOR (95% CI) | Model 3 AOR (95% CI) | Model 4 AOR (95% CI) |
| Had a childbirth | ||||
| Yes (vs No) | 1.81 (1.63–2.01) | 1.45 (1.30–1.62) | 1.05 (0.92–1.20) | 1.14 (1.01–1.30) |
| Age (years) | ||||
| 15–19 | 1.0 (reference) | 1.0 (reference) | 1.0 (reference) | 1.0 (reference) |
| 20–24 | 1.25 (1.12–1.39) | 1.38 (1.22–1.56) | 1.47 (1.28–1.69) | 1.36 (1.18–1.56) |
| 25–29 | 1.17 (1.05–1.31) | 1.41 (1.24–1.59) | 1.64 (1.43–1.89) | 1.53 (1.33–1.76) |
| 30–34 | 1.08 (0.95–1.22) | 1.32 (1.14–1.53) | 1.62 (1.37–1.91) | 1.54 (1.30–1.81) |
| 35–39 | 1.08 (0.94–1.24) | 1.37 (1.18–1.59) | 1.91 (1.61–2.26) | 1.81 (1.53–2.14) |
| 40–44 | 1.02 (0.89–1.17) | 1.27 (1.09–1.49) | 1.80 (1.50–2.16) | 1.71 (1.43–2.06) |
| 45–49 | 1.09 (0.95–1.25) | 1.31 (1.13–1.51) | 2.11 (1.78–2.50) | 2.04 (1.72–2.41) |
| Age at first sex | ||||
| Not had sex | 1.0 (reference) | 1.0 (reference) | 1.0 (reference) | |
| <15 years | 1.58 (1.32–1.90) | 1.32 (1.09–1.59) | 1.27 (1.05–1.53) | |
| 15–17 years | 1.30 (1.11–1.52) | 1.30 (1.10–1.53) | 1.25 (1.06–1.47) | |
| 18–25 years | 0.81 (0.70–0.95) | 1.19 (1.00–1.42) | 1.14 (0.96–1.35) | |
| ≥25 years | 0.78 (0.59–1.03) | 1.02 (0.74–1.41) | 0.95 (0.69–1.32) | |
| Currently pregnant | ||||
| Yes (vs No) | 1.18 (1.07–1.30) | 1.02 (0.92–1.14) | 1.04 (0.93–1.16) | |
| Had terminated pregnancy | ||||
| Yes (vs No) | 1.37 (1.22–1.52) | 1.17 (1.05–1.31) | 1.17 (1.04–1.31) | |
| Use of contraceptive | ||||
| No method | 1.0 (reference) | 1.0 (reference) | 1.0 (reference) | |
| Only folkoric method | 0.30 (0.13–0.72) | 0.58 (0.30–1.11) | 0.58 (0.31–2.20) | |
| Only traditional method | 0.40 (0.32–0.50) | 0.73 (0.58–0.91) | 0.70 (0.56–0.88) | |
| Modern method | 0.64 (0.57–0.73) | 0.83 (0.73–0.94) | 0.81 (0.71–0.92) | |
| Region | ||||
| North Central | 1.0 (reference) | 1.0 (reference) | ||
| North East | 1.82 (1.53–2.17) | 1.84 (1.55–2.20) | ||
| North West | 3.56 (2.84–4.47) | 3.57 (2.85–4.48) | ||
| South East | 0.45 (0.33–0.61) | 0.42 (0.31–0.58) | ||
| South South | 0.56 (0.47–0.67) | 0.53 (0.44–0.63) | ||
| South West | 0.40 (0.32–0.49) | 0.37 (0.30–0.45) | ||
| Place of residence | ||||
| Rural (vs Urban) | 1.08 (0.94–1.23) | 1.11 (0.97–1.27) | ||
| Educational status | ||||
| No education | 1.0 (reference) | 1.0 (reference) | ||
| Primary | 1.03 (0.90–1.18) | 1.02 (0.89–1.18) | ||
| Secondary | 1.24 (1.09–1.41) | 1.14 (1.00–1.30) | ||
| Higher | 2.38 (2.00–2.83) | 1.74 (1.45–2.08) | ||
| Ethnicity | ||||
| Fulani | 1.0 (reference) | 1.0 (reference) | ||
| Hausa | 1.66 (1.33–2.09) | 1.67 (1.33–2.09) | ||
| Igbo | 0.67 (0.46–0.98) | 0.67 (0.46–0.97) | ||
| Yoruba | 0.47 (0.35–0.64) | 0.47 (0.34–0.64) | ||
| Others | 0.83 (0.64–1.06) | 0.84 (0.65–1.08) | ||
| Religion | ||||
| Catholic | 1.0 (reference) | 1.0 (reference) | ||
| Other Christian | 0.82 (0.70–0.95) | 0.83 (0.71–0.97) | ||
| Islam | 0.77 (0.63–0.95) | 0.78 (0.63–0.96) | ||
| Traditionalist | 0.22 (0.12–0.43) | 0.24 (0.12–0.46) | ||
| Others | 0.05 (0.02–0.18) | 0.05 (0.01–0.16) | ||
| Currently working | ||||
| Yes (vs No) | 1.39 (1.26–1.54) | 1.35 (1.22–1.49) | ||
| Wealth quintiles | ||||
| Poorest | 1.0 (reference) | 1.0 (reference) | ||
| Poorer | 0.82 (0.71–0.95) | 0.81 (0.70–0.93) | ||
| Middle | 0.79 (0.67–0.95) | 0.76 (0.63–0.91) | ||
| Richer | 0.89 (0.74–1.06) | 0.80 (0.66–0.96) | ||
| Richest | 1.22 (0.99–1.49) | 0.99 (0.80–1.22) | ||
| Read newspaper or magazine | ||||
| Not at all | 1.0 (reference) | |||
| Less than once a week | 0.93 (0.82–1.06) | |||
| At least once a week | 1.29 (1.07–1.57) | |||
| Listen to radio | ||||
| Not at all | 1.0 (reference) | |||
| Less than once a week | 1.23 (1.09–1.38) | |||
| At least once a week | 1.23 (1.10–1.38) | |||
| Watch TV | ||||
| Not at all | 1.0 (reference) | |||
| Less than once a week | 0.92 (0.81–1.04) | |||
| At least once a week | 1.05 (0.91–1.22) | |||
| Own a mobile phone | ||||
| Yes (vs No) | 1.16 (1.05–1.27) | |||
| Use of Internet | ||||
| Never | 1.0 (reference) | |||
| Last 12 months | 1.57 (1.33–1.86) | |||
| before last 12 months | 1.01 (0.78–1.30) | |||
Statistically significant variables at p<0.05 are shown in bold.
AOR, adjusted OR.