Table 2

Standard management in each trial

USA and Canada	Ireland	France and Spain
HFNC will be initiated at 50 L/min (AIRVO2 or Optiflow, Fisher & Paykel Healthcare Limited, Auckland, New Zealand) with temperature set at 37°C. Nasal cannula size will be determined by the patient’s nostril size (≤50%). FiO₂ will be adjusted to maintain SpO₂ at 92%–95%. Flow and temperature will be adjusted based on patient’s comfort and clinical response.	Control patients will receive full standard care.	HFNC adapted for an SpO₂ of 90%–95%. Except in case of poor tolerance by the patient a minimum gas flow rate of 50 L/min will be set initially. Weaning of the HFNC will first be performed reducing FiO₂ down to 0.4 before reducing the gas flow rate. In clinically stable patients with a FiO₂ less than or equal to 0.4 and a gas flow rate less than or equal to 30 L/min, an attempt will be made to switch to standard oxygen therapy at 4–6 L/min.