Baseline characteristics of the study participants (n=72)
| Characteristics | Intervention (n=36) | Control (n=36) | P value |
| Female, % | 69.4 | 69.4 | 1.000 |
| Age, years (mean±SD) | 62.0±16.5 | 60.4±16.1 | 0.671 |
| Blood pressure, mm Hg (mean±SD) | |||
| Systolic blood pressure | 130.7±20.7 | 125.5±18.5 | 0.264 |
| Diastolic blood pressure | 79.0±11.4 | 76.7±10.8 | 0.378 |
| History of disease, % | |||
| Stroke | 2.8 | 0.0 | 0.314 |
| Hypertension | 25.0 | 30.6 | 0.599 |
| Myocardial infarction | 0.0 | 5.6 | 0.151 |
| Diabetes | 8.3 | 8.3 | 1.000 |
| Arthritis | 2.8 | 5.6 | 0.555 |
| Osteoporosis | 5.6 | 0.0 | 0.151 |
| Cancer | 16.7 | 8.3 | 0.285 |
| Frailty, % | 5.6 | 19.4 | 0.075 |
| Physical activity, MET (mean±SD) | 35.8±8.5 | 36.1±5.3 | 0.822 |
| Transportation, % | |||
| Motorbike or car | 61.1 | 80.6 | 0.070 |
| Educational attainment, % | |||
| High school or less | 52.8 | 47.2 | 0.820 |
| College/university | 16.7 | 22.2 | |
| Undergraduate or graduate degree | 30.6 | 30.6 | |
| Employment, % | |||
| ≥4 days/week | 27.8 | 36.1 | 0.546 |
| <4 days/week | 19.4 | 11.1 | |
| Not working | 52.8 | 52.8 | |
| Subjective household economic status | |||
| Affluent | 80.6 | 86.1 | 0.527 |
| Non-affluent | 19.4 | 13.9 | |
| Subjective time affluence | |||
| Affluent | 72.2 | 77.8 | 0.586 |
| Non-affluent | 27.8 | 22.2 | |
| Pain | |||
| Absent | 22.2 | 44.4 | 0.011 |
| Present | 5.6 | 2.8 | |
| Body mass index, kg/m2 (mean±SD) | 22.1±3.0 | 23.2±4.6 | 0.250 |
| Baseline number of steps/day (mean±SD) | 6859±3223 | 5869±2249 | 0.135 |
MET, metabolic equivalent.