Summary of final Gaussian, mixed effects, linear regression model fitted to the Need for Recovery (NFR) Score, including the adjusted coefficient estimate (Adj. Coef. Est.) with corresponding 95% CI and p value
| Adj. Coef. Est. (95% CI)* | P value† | |
| Constant (baseline NFR Score) | 59.51 (55.53 to 63.49) | <0.001 |
| Gender (baseline=male) | ||
| Female | 3.40 (1.80 to 4.99) | <0.001 |
| Other/prefer not to say | −0.46 (−9.07 to 8.15) | 0.916 |
| Any long-term health conditions or disabilities (baseline=no) | ||
| Yes | 8.52 (5.67 to 11.36) | <0.001 |
| Prefer not to say | 6.24 (1.52 to 10.95) | 0.01 |
| ED paediatrics only (baseline=no) | ||
| Yes | −7.08 (−10.4 to −3.77) | <0.001 |
| Clinical grade (baseline=foundation) | ||
| ST1-ST2 | −0.08 (−2.67 to 2.51) | 0.953 |
| >ST2 | 1.32 (−1.37 to 4.01) | 0.336 |
| SASG | −1.13 (−4.27 to 2.02) | 0.482 |
| GP | −8.26 (−15.09 to −1.44) | 0.018 |
| Consultant | −5.30 (−8.07 to −2.53) | <0.001 |
| I have been able to request and take study when I wanted (baseline=neutral) | ||
| Strongly disagree | 4.23 (−0.26 to 8.71) | 0.065 |
| Disagree | 3.72 (0.29 to 7.15) | 0.034 |
| Agree | −1.32 (−3.60 to 0.96) | 0.257 |
| Strongly agree | −6.50 (−9.43 to −3.56) | <0.001 |
| I have been able to request and take annual when I wanted (baseline=neutral) | ||
| Strongly disagree | 6.43 (2.03 to 10.83) | 0.004 |
| Disagree | 1.13 (−2.34 to 4.61) | 0.523 |
| Agree | −2.84 (−5.54 to −0.14) | 0.039 |
| Strongly agree | −4.89 (−8.06 to −1.72) | 0.002 |
| Proportion of time spent working out-of-hours (baseline=0%–25%) | ||
| 26%–50% | 5.74 (3.13 to 8.35) | <0.001 |
| 51%–75% | 10.32 (7.60 to 13.03) | <0.001 |
| 76%–100% | 14.45 (10.97 to 17.92) | <0.001 |
*Each coefficient estimate is adjusted for all other covariates in the model.
†Null hypothesis: Adj. Coef. Est.=0 (ie, is there statistically significant evidence this category differs from the baseline category).
ED, emergency department; GP, General Practitioner working within the ED; SASG, emergency medicine staff grade, associate specialist and speciality grade physician; ST1-ST2, specialist training year 1–2 (this included physicians training in anaesthetics, emergency medicine, acute medicine and general practice).