Table 1

Summary of characteristics of included studies: ordered alphabetically by study author

Study	Study design	City, country (Classification*)	Recruitment site/setting	Participant selection method	Sample size (N)	% Female	Mean age (years)	SD
Beaton, 201423	Spiked cohort	Kampala, Uganda (low income)	A school and the Mulago Hospital Complex	Unclear	125	55.2	10.8†	–
Beaton, 201524	Cross sectional	Gulu, Uganda (low income)	5 public schools	A random 10% subset of the entire sample plus any child with mitral or aortic regurgitation were preselected to receive HAND	1420	53	10.8	±2.6
Beaton, 201625	Cross sectional	Belo Horizonte, Brazil (upper-middle income)	2 primary and 3 secondary public schools	A subset of the sample containing all STAND abnormals plus a random 25% of all STAND normals were preselected for HAND	397	49.1	13.9	±2.6
Mirabel, 201526	Cross sectional	Nouméa, New Caledonia (high income)	Primary schools	Consecutive	1217	50.5	9.6	±0.5
Ploutz, 201627	Cross sectional	Gulu, Uganda (low income)	2 primary schools	Consecutive	956	60.7	11.1	±2.5
Zühlke, 201628	Nested case–control	Cape Town, South Africa (upper-middle income)	Schools	Unclear	93	68.8	17^†‡	–
Total					4208	54	10.8	±1.9

*According to the World Bank’s economic classification system.
†Excluded from pooled mean and SD calculations (incomplete or incomparable data).
‡Median age (mean age not available).
HAND, handheld echocardiography; STAND, standard echocardiography.