Covariates (Category to which OR applies vs comparator) | HLQ1 | HLQ2 | HLQ3 | HLQ4 | HLQ5 | HLQ6 | HLQ7 | HLQ8 | HLQ9 | |
Feel understood and supported by healthcare providers | Have sufficient information to manage my health | Actively managing my health | Have social support for health | Appraise health information | Able to engage with healthcare providers | Navigating healthcare system | Ability to find good health information | Understand health information well enough to know what to do | ||
Population (Patients with ESKD vs patients with CKD) | OR | 0.67 | 0.60 | 0.80 | 0.36 | 0.99 | 0.84 | 1.18 | 1.07 | 0.95 |
95% CI | 0.31 to 1.46 | 0.28 to 1.28 | 0.37 to 1.76 | 0.17 to 0.79 | 0.39 to 2.53 | 0.40 to 1.77 | 0.55 to 2.55 | 0.48 to 2.41 | 0.45 to 2.01 | |
P value | 0.316 | 0.188 | 0.587 | 0.010 | 0.992 | 0.645 | 0.675 | 0.867 | 0.899 | |
Age quartile (Higher quartile vs lower quartiles) | OR | 1.12 | 1.32 | 1.44 | 1.17 | 1.35 | 1.20 | 1.33 | 1.42 | 1.21 |
95% CI | 0.81 to 1.54 | 0.96 to 1.81 | 1.03 to 2.01 | 0.85 to 1.60 | 0.92 to 1.99 | 0.88 to 1.64 | 0.97 to 1.83 | 1.01 to 2.00 | 0.89 to 1.65 | |
P value | 0.491 | 0.092 | 0.033 | 0.345 | 0.129 | 0.257 | 0.081 | 0.044 | 0.232 | |
Sex (Female vs male) | OR | 1.88 | 0.82 | 0.73 | 0.94 | 1.47 | 0.64 | 1.11 | 0.66 | 0.72 |
95% CI | 0.92 to 3.85 | 0.41 to 1.60 | 0.37 to 1.47 | 0.47 to 1.88 | 0.64 to 3.39 | 0.33 to 1.23 | 0.57 to 2.18 | 0.33 to 1.34 | 0.37 to 1.40 | |
P value | 0.084 | 0.554 | 0.383 | 0.863 | 0.363 | 0.175 | 0.757 | 0.254 | 0.339 | |
Education (Lower than 12 years vs higher than 12 years) | OR | 1.62 | 1.28 | 1.22 | 1.09 | 1.87 | 1.85 | 1.20 | 2.60 | 2.50 |
95% CI | 0.83 to 3.18 | 0.66 to 2.48 | 0.62 to 2.43 | 0.56 to 2.14 | 0.84 to 4.16 | 0.97 to 3.56 | 0.62 to 2.33 | 1.29 to 5.25 | 1.31 to 4.80 | |
P value | 0.157 | 0.462 | 0.562 | 0.791 | 0.126 | 0.064 | 0.581 | 0.008 | 0.006 | |
Carer status (Carer not present vs carer present) | OR | 1.25 | 1.86 | 2.43 | 1.72 | 2.86 | 2.11 | 2.19 | 1.84 | 1.17 |
95% CI | 0.54 to 2.93 | 0.78 to 4.42 | 1.01 to 5.91 | 0.76 to 3.91 | 1.03 to 7.95 | 0.92 to 4.86 | 0.93 to 5.18 | 0.74 to 4.57 | 0.51 to 2.69 | |
P value | 0.599 | 0.161 | 0.049 | 0.196 | 0.044 | 0.079 | 0.074 | 0.190 | 0.712 | |
Income (Lower than $A25 000/year vs higher than $A25 000/year) | OR | 0.92 | 1.06 | 0.65 | 1.76 | 0.50 | 0.64 | 0.69 | 0.75 | 0.91 |
95% CI | 0.46 to 1.86 | 0.54 to 2.11 | 0.32 to 1.34 | 0.87 to 3.56 | 0.21 to 1.17 | 0.33 to 1.26 | 0.35 to 1.37 | 0.36 to 1.55 | 0.46 to 1.77 | |
P value | 0.817 | 0.862 | 0.249 | 0.116 | 0.111 | 0.197 | 0.285 | 0.430 | 0.777 | |
Smoking (Current smoker vs current non-smoker) | OR | 1.46 | 2.16 | 3.06 | 2.66 | 2.36 | 3.07 | 1.34 | 1.47 | 1.56 |
95% CI | 0.44 to 4.84 | 0.63 to 7.37 | 0.77 to 12.17 | 0.70 to 10.09 | 0.47 to 11.92 | 0.81 to 11.63 | 0.43 to 4.17 | 0.41 to 5.18 | 0.47 to 5.24 | |
P value | 0.539 | 0.221 | 0.112 | 0.151 | 0.298 | 0.100 | 0.614 | 0.553 | 0.470 | |
Diabetes (Diabetes present vs not present) | OR | 0.86 | 0.89 | 1.41 | 0.73 | 0.78 | 0.97 | 1.21 | 1.53 | 1.49 |
95% CI | 0.44 to 1.70 | 0.45 to 1.73 | 0.70 to 2.87 | 0.37 to 1.43 | 0.35 to 1.76 | 0.50 to 1.88 | 0.61 to 2.36 | 0.74 to 3.17 | 0.77 to 2.91 | |
P value | 0.671 | 0.728 | 0.340 | 0.355 | 0.556 | 0.933 | 0.586 | 0.246 | 0.239 | |
Cognitive impairment category (3MS score <85% vs >85%) | OR | 1.15 | 0.93 | 0.88 | 1.15 | 0.89 | 1.41 | 1.04 | 0.77 | 1.85 |
95% CI | 0.43 to 3.06 | 0.35 to 2.49 | 0.33 to 2.39 | 0.42 to 3.11 | 0.29 to 2.73 | 0.52 to 3.78 | 0.39 to 2.80 | 0.26 to 2.24 | 0.63 to 5.38 | |
P value | 0.786 | 0.883 | 0.803 | 0.791 | 0.842 | 0.500 | 0.927 | 0.631 | 0.261 | |
Executive function (Difference between TMT-B and TMT-A in seconds) | OR | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 0.99 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
95% CI | 0.99 to 1.01 | 0.99 to 1.00 | 0.99 to 1.00 | 0.99 to 1.00 | 0.99 to 1.00 | 0.99 to 1.00 | 0.99 to 1.01 | 0.99 to 1.00 | 0.99 to 1.00 | |
P value | 0.914 | 0.422 | 0.147 | 0.676 | 0.080 | 0.400 | 0.927 | 0.434 | 0.568 | |
Depression (Beck inventory score ≥14 vs <14) | OR | 2.60 | 7.87 | 7.59 | 3.51 | 8.94 | 3.97 | 4.79 | 5.28 | 2.26 |
95% CI | 1.10 to 6.19 | 2.93 to 21.12 | 2.73 to 21.06 | 1.32 to 7.30 | 2.52 to 31.61 | 1.67 to 9.44 | 1.88 to 12.16 | 1.95 to 14.27 | 1.00 to 5.13 | |
P value | 0.030 | <0.001 | <0.001 | 0.010 | 0.001 | 0.002 | 0.001 | 0.001 | 0.051 |
p values with a significance level <0.05 are shown in bold format.
CKD, chronic kidney disease; ESKD, end-stage kidney disease; HLQ, Health Literacy Questionnaire; 3MS, modified Mini-Mental State Examination; TMT-A, trail-making test A; TMT-B, trail-making test B.