Cost–utility analysis of community paramedicine at clinic programme. Intervention in 2016 Canadian dollars
| QALY change per resident | 0.03 |
| Programme cost per resident for full RCT (direct costs and staffing of $128 462 for 1461 units) | $88 |
| Base case ICER (programme cost per QALY) | $2933 |
| Probabilistic sensitivity analysis using bootstrapping | |
| QALY change per resident (95% CI) | 0.03 (0.01 to 0.05) |
| Programme cost per resident by site | $35–292 |
| Mean ICER (Fieller’s 95% CI) | $4850 ($2246 to $12 396) |
| Analysis including potential cost offset due to EMS call reduction* | |
| Minimum assumption: $499/EMS call | |
| Cost offset per resident | (−$54) |
| ICER (cost per QALY) | $1133 |
| Moderate assumption: $1626/EMS call | |
| Cost offset per resident | (−$176) |
| ICER (cost per QALY) | (−$2933) (intervention dominant) |
| Maximum assumption: $2254/EMS call | |
| Cost offset per resident | (−$243) |
| ICER (cost per QALY) | (−$5167) (intervention dominant) |
*Reduction of 10.8 EMS calls per 100 residents.
EMS, emergency medical service; ICER, incremental cost-effectiveness ratio; QALY, quality-adjusted life year; RCT, randomised controlled trial.