Demographic and clinical correlates of COVID-19 infection among HCWs
| Full sample, n=2040 | Not tested, n=1379 (67.63%) | Tested, n=660 (32.37%) | Prevalence ratio (95% CI) | |
| Age, M (SD) | 39.50 (10.11) | 39.34 (10.19) | 39.86 (9.95) | 1.00 (1.00 to 1.01) |
| Gender, n (row %) | ||||
| Male | 594 (29.15) | 381 (64.14) | 213 (35.86) | REF |
| Female | 1432 (70.26) | 988 (69.04) | 443 (30.96) | 0.86 (0.76 to 0.99) |
| Other/prefer not to answer | 12 (0.59) | 9 (75) | 3 (25) | 0.70 (0.26 to 1.87) |
| Race/ethnicity, n (row %) | ||||
| Caucasian | 1385 (67.89) | 954 (68.93) | 430 (31.07) | REF |
| Hispanic, Latino or Spanish | 111 (5.44) | 66 (59.46) | 45 (40.54) | 1.30 (1.03 to 1.66) |
| Black or African American | 221 (10.83) | 160 (72.40) | 61 (27.6) | 0.89 (0.71 to 1.12) |
| Asian | 190 (9.31) | 110 (57.89) | 80 (42.11) | 1.36 (1.13 to 1.63) |
| Other | 48 (2.35) | 35 (72.92) | 13 (27.08) | 0.87 (0.54 to 1.40) |
| Multiracial | 85 (4.17) | 54 (63.53) | 31 (36.47) | 1.17 (0.88 to 1.57) |
| Region, n (row %) | ||||
| Northeast | 883 (47.12) | 527 (59.68) | 356 (40.32) | REF |
| Midwest | 248 (13.23) | 187 (75.71) | 60 (24.29) | 0.60 (0.48 to 0.76) |
| South | 474 (25.29) | 360 (75.95) | 114 (24.05) | 0.60 (0.50 to 0.71) |
| West | 268 (14.30) | 190 (70.90) | 78 (29.1) | 0.72 (0.59 to 0.88) |
| US territories | 1 (0.05) | 0 (0) | 1 (100) | Not estimable |
| Role in hospital, n (row %) | ||||
| Physician attending | 634 (31.12) | 416 (65.62) | 218 (34.38) | REF |
| Physician resident/fellow | 180 (8.84) | 129 (71.67) | 51 (28.33) | 0.82 (0.64 to 1.06) |
| Physician assistant | 81 (3.98) | 54 (66.67) | 27 (33.33) | 0.97 (0.70 to 1.34) |
| Nurse (practitioner, general, registered) | 546 (26.80) | 364 (66.79) | 181 (33.21) | 0.97 (0.82 to 1.13) |
| Emergency medicine services | 266 (13.06) | 159 (59.77) | 107 (40.23) | 1.17 (0.98 to 1.40) |
| Non-direct patient care | 96 (4.71) | 68 (70.83) | 28 (29.17) | 0.85 (0.61 to 1.18) |
| Other physical care/direct patient contact | 122 (5.99) | 95 (77.87) | 27 (22.13) | 0.64 (0.45 to 0.91) |
| Child life specialist | 85 (4.17) | 70 (82.35) | 15 (17.65) | 0.51 (0.32 to 0.82) |
| Respiratory therapist | 20 (0.98) | 15 (75) | 5 (25) | 0.73 (0.34 to 1.57) |
| Other | 7 (0.34) | 7 (100) | 0 (0) | Not estimable |
| Specialty, n (row %) | ||||
| Emergency medicine | 694 (38.30) | 458 (65.99) | 236 (34.01) | REF |
| Internal medicine (outpatient, inpatient, other) | 271 (14.96) | 183 (67.53) | 88 (32.47) | 0.95 (0.78 to 1.17) |
| Internal medicine (critical care) | 215 (11.87) | 155 (72.09) | 60 (27.91) | 0.82 (0.65 to 1.04) |
| Surgery | 86 (4.75) | 59 (68.60) | 27 (31.4) | 0.92 (0.66 to 1.28) |
| Paediatrics | 149 (8.22) | 113 (75.84) | 36 (24.16) | 0.71 (0.52 to 0.96) |
| Family medicine | 83 (4.58) | 52 (62.65) | 31 (37.35) | 1.10 (0.82 to 1.48) |
| Other | 314 (17.33) | 207 (65.92) | 107 (34.08) | 1.00 (0.83 to 1.21) |
| Clinical setting, n (row %) | ||||
| Emergency medicine | 651 (31.91) | 449 (68.97) | 202 (31.03) | REF |
| ICU | 328 (16.08) | 221 (67.58) | 106 (32.42) | 1.04 (0.86 to 1.27) |
| Inpatient hospital | 427 (20.93) | 300 (70.26) | 127 (29.74) | 0.96 (0.80 to 1.15) |
| Pre-hospital | 176 (8.63) | 106 (60.23) | 70 (39.77) | 1.28 (1.03 to 1.59) |
| Outpatient | 224 (10.98) | 156 (69.64) | 68 (30.36) | 0.98 (0.78 to 1.23) |
| Long-term care facility/nursing home | 74 (3.63) | 34 (45.95) | 40 (54.05) | 1.74 (1.37 to 2.21) |
| Other | 160 (7.84) | 113 (70.63) | 47 (29.38) | 0.95 (0.73 to 1.24) |
| Facility type, n (row %) | ||||
| Academic institution, n (%) | 703 (34.46) | 467 (66.43) | 236 (33.57) | 1.06 (0.93 to 1.21) |
| Community hospital, n (%) | 724 (35.49) | 518 (71.55) | 206 (28.45) | 0.82 (0.72 to 0.95) |
| Outpatient facility, n (%) | 269 (13.19) | 186 (69.14) | 83 (30.86) | 0.95 (0.78 to 1.15) |
| City hospital, n (%) | 267 (13.09) | 194 (72.93) | 72 (27.07) | 0.82 (0.66 to 1.00) |
| Long-term care/skilled nursing facility, n (%) | 86 (4.22) | 42 (48.84) | 44 (51.16) | 1.62 (1.31 to 2.01) |
| Prehospital/ambulance/EMS, n (%) | 258 (12.65) | 162 (62.79) | 96 (37.21) | 1.17 (0.99 to 1.40) |
| Other clinical setting, n (%) | 177 (8.68) | 130 (73.45) | 47 (26.55) | 0.81 (0.63 to 1.04) |