Psychological distress and acute stress reaction among healthcare trainees with and without active clinical duty
| Psychological distress* | Acute stress reaction† | |||||||
| Symptoms (z-score) | Cases | Symptoms (z-score) | Cases | |||||
| Mean±SD | β (95% CI)‡ | N (%) | OR (95% CI)‡ | Mean±SD | β (95% CI)‡ | N (%) | OR (95% CI)‡ | |
| Active clinical duty | ||||||||
| No | −0.03±0.99 | Ref. | 882 (29.73) | Ref. | 0.02±1.02 | Ref. | 326 (10.84) | Ref. |
| Yes | 0.12±1.02 | 0.09 (0.01 to 0.18) | 268 (35.50) | 1.17 (0.98 to 1.39) | −0.07±0.92 | −0.10 (−0.19 to −0.02) | 77 (10.36) | 0.93 (0.71 to 1.22) |
| By training programme | ||||||||
| Medicine | ||||||||
| No duty | −0.00§±1.02 | Ref. | 609 (30.53) | Ref. | 0.01±1.02 | Ref. | 212 (10.47) | Ref. |
| With duty | 0.39±1.10 | 0.36 (0.24 to 0.47) | 183 (47.04) | 1.85 (1.47 to 2.33) | −0.00§±0.98 | −0.01 (−0.12 to 0.11) | 44 (11.67) | 1.12 (0.77 to 1.58) |
| Medical technology | ||||||||
| No duty | −0.08±0.94 | Ref. | 184 (27.84) | Ref. | 0.04±1.02 | Ref. | 76 (11.38) | Ref. |
| With duty | −0.06±0.86 | −0.04 (−0.20 to 0.12) | 58 (28.29) | 0.94 (0.64 to 1.38) | −0.03±0.88 | −0.08 (−0.25 to 0.09) | 20 (9.76) | 0.89 (0.50 to 1.57) |
| Nursing | ||||||||
| No duty | −0.10±0.90 | Ref. | 89 (28.62) | Ref. | 0.03±1.01 | Ref. | 38 (12.06) | Ref. |
| With duty | −0.33±0.75 | −0.19 (−0.37 to −0.01) | 27 (16.77) | 0.55 (0.32 to 0.93) | −0.30±0.78 | −0.30 (−0.49 to −0.10) | 13 (8.07) | 0.69 (0.32 to 1.40) |
| By training stage | ||||||||
| Undergraduate | ||||||||
| No duty | −0.10±0.96 | Ref. | 442 (26.98) | Ref. | 0.02±1.05 | Ref. | 181 (10.96) | Ref. |
| With duty | 0.54±1.18 | 0.62 (0.17 to 1.08) | 11 (61.11) | 4.20 (1.61 to 11.70) | −0.05±1.16 | 0.01 (−0.49 to 0.51) | 3 (16.67) | 1.75 (0.39 to 5.58) |
| Postgraduate | ||||||||
| No duty | 0.06±1.02 | Ref. | 440 (33.11) | Ref. | 0.01±0.97 | Ref. | 145 (10.69) | Ref. |
| With duty | 0.52±1.14 | 0.49 (0.35 to 0.62) | 146 (51.59) | 2.23 (1.72 to 2.91) | 0.06±1.03 | 0.07 (−0.06 to 0.20) | 37 (13.50) | 1.35 (0.90 to 1.97) |
| Residency | ||||||||
| No duty | – | Ref. | – | Ref. | – | Ref. | – | Ref. |
| With duty | −0.15±0.82 | – | 111 (24.45) | – | −0.16±0.82 | – | 37 (8.20) | – |
*In this analysis, 462 (11.04%) individuals who missed the measure of psychological distress were not included.
†In this analysis, 433 (10.35%) individuals who missed the measure of acute stress reaction were not included.
‡Estimates were adjusted for age, sex (male or female), marital status (married or unmarried), location (Hubei or outside Hubei) and relatives with COVID-19 (yes or no).
§−0.00: <−0.01.