Modifiable risk factors | Definition | Score | |
Protective factors | |||
1 | High cognitive activity | Score ≥50 points on the Cognitive Reserve Index questionnaire (leisure time activities) or hours of paid work ≥24 hours | −3.2 |
2 | Mediterranean diet | MIND-diet score (0–14) =14 points | −1.7 |
3 | Low/moderate alcohol consumption | Average number of glasses of alcohol a week ≤7 and number of glasses a day is: ≤3 glasses for women (no binge drinking), ≤4 glasses for men (no binge drinking) | −1.0 |
Risk factors | |||
4 | Cardiovascular diseases | Presence of at least one of the follow diseases: history of angina pectoris, myocardial infarction, transient ischaemic attacks, stroke or peripheral arterial diseases | +1.0 |
5 | Physical inactivity | Not fulfilling Dutch Norm for Physical activity defined as ≥150 min/week physical activity of moderate to vigorous intensity, measured with the SQUASH questionnaire | +1.1 |
6 | Renal dysfunction | Estimated glomerular filtration rate ≤60 mL/min/1.73 m2 | +1.1 |
7 | Diabetes mellitus | Glucose (capillary blood) >7.0 mmol/L or HbA1c >53 mmol/mol | +1.3 |
8 | High cholesterol | LDL >2.5 mmol/L or TC/HDL >5 | +1.4 |
9 | Smoking | Current smoker | +1.5 |
10 | Obesity | BMI ≥30 | +1.6 |
11 | Hypertension | SBP >140 mmHg or DBP >90 mmHg | +1.6 |
12 | Depression | Score ≥16 points on the Centre for Epidemiologic Studies Depression scale | +2.1 |
BMI, body mass index; DBP, diastolic blood pressure; HbA1c, haemoglobin A1C; HDL, high-density lipoproteins; LDL, low-density lipoproteins; LIBRA, lifestyle for brain health; MIND-diet, mediterranean-DASH diet intervention for neurodegenerative delay; SBP, systolic blood pressure; SQUASH, short questionnaire to assess health-enhancing physical activity; TC, total cholesterol.