Table 1

Study characteristics of included studies

Study characteristics (n=18)Number (%)
Year of publication
 2008–20125 (28)
 2013–201813 (72)
Type of publication
 Journal article14 (78)
 Doctoral thesis4 (22)
Study design
 RCT3 (17)
 Longitudinal study6 (33)
 Cross-sectional study5 (28)
 Qualitative study4 (22)
Research area*
 Health services research8 (44)
 Health education6 (33)
 Psychosomatic medicine5 (28)
 Geriatrics3 (17)
 Family medicine3 (17)
 Cardiac surgery3 (17)
 Rehabilitation science3 (17)
 Palliative medicine2 (11)
 Pharmaceutical care2 (11)
 Nursing1 (6)
 Telemedicine1 (6)
Sample size
 10<n≤ 253 (17)
 25<n≤10010 (56)
 100<n<2003 (17)
 200<n<5002 (11)
Methods of assessment
 Interviews5 (28)
 Survey12 (67)
 Group discussion1 (6)
Method of evaluation
 Qualitative4 (22)
 Quantitative12 (67)
 Mixed2 (11)
  • *Multiple selection possible.

  • RCT, randomised controlled trial.