Table 2

Studies on social support interventions to improve treatment outcome for DR-TB

Study	Study design	Region	Econom- ies*	Research objects	%	%	Period	Sample size	DOT	Interventions		Social support
Study	Study design	Region	Econom- ies*	Research objects	Male	HIV	Period	(Intervention/ total)	DOT	Interven- tion arm	Compar- ison arm	Material support	Emotional support	Informa- tional support	Companion- ship support
Li et al¹¹	Before-and-after Study	China	UMIC	DR-TB	72	0‡	2011	172/198	+	NTP+SS	NTP	+	–	–	–
Yin et al ¹⁹	Retrospective Cohort Study	China	UMIC	MDR-TB	70	0	2009−2014	118/218	+	SS	NI	+	–	+	–
Oyieng'o et al³⁹	Prospective Cohort Study	Kenya	LMIC	MDR-TB	50	50	2008−2010	8/8	+	SS	–	+	+		+
Taneja et al⁴⁰	Quasi-experimental Study	India	LMIC	MDR-TB	59	NR	2014−2016	32/70	–	NTP+SS	NTP	+	+	+	–
Baral et al⁴¹	Mixed-Method Study†	Nepal	LIC	MDR-TB	65	NR	2008	75/156	NR	NTP+SS	NTP	+	–	+	–
Brust et al42	Retrospective Cohort	South Africa	UMIC	MDR-TB	38	83	2008–2010	80/80	+	SS	–	+	+	+	+
Acha et al⁴³	Prospective Cohort Study	Peru	UMIC	MDR-TB	52	NR	1999−2004	285/285	+	SS	–	+	+	+	+
Mohr et al⁴⁴	Prospective Cohort Study	South Africa	UMIC	RR-TB	55	72	2010−2014	174/292	+	SS	NI	–	+	+	+
Sripad et al45	Non-randomised Trial	Ecuador	UMCI	DR-TB	52	6	2010−2012	105/191	+	NTP+SS	NTP	+	–	–	–
Bhatt et al⁴⁶	Retrospective Cohort Study	India	LMIC	DR-TB	54	2‡	2012−2015	60/123	NR	NTP+SS	NTP	+	+	+	–

*World Bank list of economies (June 2019).
†Formative qualitative study, pilot intervention study and explanatory qualitative study.
‡Self-report.
DOT, Directly Observed Therapy; DR-TB, drug-resistant tuberculosis; LIC, low-income country; LMIC, lower-middle-income country; MDR-TB, multidrug resistance tuberculosis; NI, no intervention was applied in comparison arm to improve patients' treatment outcomes; NR, not report; NTP, National Tuberculosis Programme; RR-TB, rifampicin resistance tuberculosis; SS, social support; UMIC, upper-middle-income country.