Table 5

Toenail total arsenic, cadmium and lead concentrations (µg/g)—geometric means for the Yellowknife population by participation group from YKHEMP

Random sampleVolunteersYKDFNNSMA
3–19 years old
 Total arsenic0.40 (0.33 to 0.47)0.51 (0.43 to 0.62)0.29 (0.24 to 0.37)0.53 (0.25 to 1.14)
 Cadmium0.03 (0.02 to 0.03)0.04 (0.03 to 0.04)0.02 (0.01 to 0.02)0.03 (0.01 to 0.09)
 Lead0.65 (0.55 to 0.75)0.70 (0.59 to 0.84)0.39 (0.30 to 0.49)0.72 (0.44 to 1.17)
20–79 years old
 Total arsenic0.11 (0.10 to 0.11)0.13 (0.12 to 0.14)0.09 (0.08 to 0.10)0.13 (0.09 to 0.17)
 Cadmium0.01 (0.01 to 0.01)0.01 (0.01 to 0.01)0.01 (0.01 to 0.01)0.01 (0.01 to 0.02)
 Lead0.25 (0.23 to 0.27)0.25 (0.23 to 0.27)0.17 (0.14 to 0.20)0.19 (0.14 to 0.24)
  • Values presented in the parentheses are the 95% CI.

  • NSMA, North Slave Métis Alliance; YKHEMP, Yellowknife Health Effects Monitoring Program.