PICOS criteria for inclusion and exclusion of studies
| Parameter | Inclusion | Exclusion |
| Participants | Human adults and children | Animals, in vitro |
| Intervention | Specific antibiotics of interest prescribed in primary care | Other antibiotics |
| Comparator | Negative controls or other antibiotics | None |
| Outcomes | Changes in gut microbiota, total numbers, diversity and composition; time taken to recover | Antimicrobial resistance |
| Study design | All study types | None |