Estimated ORs (95% CIs) and variance components for respiratory symptoms from multilevel logistic regression models for primary school pupils (n=8775, 99 school buildings)
| Respiratory symptoms reported in general | Respiratory symptoms reported in relation to school | |||||
| Model 1 | Model 2 | Model 3 | Model 1 | Model 2 | Model 3 | |
| Building-related variables (school level) | ||||||
| Good IEQ | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||
| Moderate IEQ | 1.18 (1.04 to 1.34) | 1.19 (1.03 to 1.38) | 1.25 (1.02 to 1.53) | 1.21 (0.97 to 1.50) | ||
| Poor IEQ | 1.31 (1.12 to 1.53) | 1.27 (1.03 to 1.58) | 1.73 (1.37 to 2.19) | 1.53 (1.13 to 2.07) | ||
| Psychosocial variables (individual level) | ||||||
| Worry about IEQ | 1.32 (1.25 to 1.39) | 1.31 (1.24 to 1.39) | 1.65 (1.52 to 1.78) | 1.64 (1.52 to 1.77) | ||
| Neuroticism | 1.27 (1.19 to 1.35) | 1.27 (1.19 to 1.35) | 1.24 (1.12 to 1.36) | 1.24 (1.12 to 1.36) | ||
| Conscientiousness | 0.85 (0.78 to 0.92) | 0.85 (0.78 to 0.92) | 0.94 (0.82 to 1.07) | 0.93 (0.82 to 1.07) | ||
| Extraversion | 1.09 (1.01 to 1.17) | 1.09 (1.01 to 1.17) | 1.18 (1.05 to 1.33) | 1.18 (1.05 to 1.32) | ||
| Openness | 1.14 (1.06 to 1.22) | 1.14 (1.06 to 1.22) | 1.04 (0.93 to 1.17) | 1.05 (0.93 to 1.17) | ||
| Agreeableness | 0.96 (0.88 to 1.05) | 0.96 (0.88 to 1.05) | 1.01 (0.87 to 1.16) | 1.00 (0.87 to 1.15) | ||
| Low school satisfaction | 1.23 (1.12 to 1.35) | 1.26 (1.15 to 1.39) | 1.28 (1.11 to 1.48) | 1.28 (1.11 to 1.47) | ||
| Home satisfaction | ||||||
| 0 (high) | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||
| 1 (moderate) | 1.12 (0.98 to 1.28) | 1.12 (0.99 to 1.28) | 0.98 (0.80 to 1.21) | 0.98 (0.80 to 1.21) | ||
| 2 (low) | 1.33 (1.05 to 1.67) | 1.33 (1.06 to 1.68) | 1.36 (0.97 to 1.91) | 1.37 (0.98 to 1.91) | ||
| Having friends to spend time with | ||||||
| 0 (often) | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||
| 1 (more or less often) | 0.93 (0.81 to 1.07) | 0.93 (0.81 to 1.07) | 0.91 (0.73 to 1.13) | 0.91 (0.73 to 1.13) | ||
| 2 (rare) | 1.11 (0.91 to 1.36) | 1.11 (0.91 to 1.36) | 1.05 (0.77 to 1.43) | 1.05 (0.78 to 1.43) | ||
| Psychosocial variables (school level) | ||||||
| Worry about IEQ reported by principals | 1.02 (0.93 to 1.11) | 0.93 (0.84 to 1.03) | 1.06 (0.94 to 1.19) | 0.92 (0.80 to 1.07) | ||
| Variance between schools, σ2u | 0.008 | 0.017 | 0.010 | 0.019 | 0.014 | 0.000 |
| PCV* | 67% | 30% | 59% | 74% | 80% | 100% |
| ICC | 0.002 | 0.003 | 0.003 | 0.006 | 0.004 | 0.000 |
| MOR | 1.09 | 1.11 | 1.10 | 1.14 | 1.12 | 1.00 |
Model 1 includes random intercept and school indoor environmental quality (IEQ).
Model 2 includes random intercept and all psychosocial factors.
Model 3 includes random intercept, school IEQ and all psychosocial factors.
All models are adjusted for individual and allergic characteristics. The estimates highlighted in bold are statistically significant at p<0.05.
*Proportional change of variance (PCV) was calculated as (σ2u of the model adjusted for individual characteristics − σ2u of the model of interest (model 1, 2, or 3))/σ2u of the model adjusted only for individual characteristics.
ICC, intraclass correlation; MOR, median OR.