Participant general characteristics
| Characteristics | All (N=600) | AWGS definition | FNIH definition | ||||
| Non-sarcopenia (N=272) | Sarcopenia (N=328) | P value | Non-sarcopenia (N=357) | Sarcopenia (N=243) | P value | ||
| Age (years) | 70.0±8.0 | 67.2±6.6 | 72.2±8.5 | <0.001 | 67.8±6.8 | 73.2±8.6 | <0.001 |
| Age groups: | |||||||
| 60–69 years | 323 (53.8) | 184 (67.6) | 139 (42.4) | <0.001 | 230 (64.4) | 93 (38.3) | <0.001 |
| 70–79 years | 184 (30.7) | 76 (27.9) | 108 (32.9) | 102 (28.6) | 82 (33.7) | ||
| ≥80 years | 93 (15.5) | 12 (3.7) | 81 (24.7) | 25 (7.0) | 68 (28.0) | ||
| Female | 365 (60.8) | 199 (73.2) | 166 (50.6) | 0.001 | 275 (77.0) | 90 (37.0) | <0.001 |
| Low education | 118 (19.7) | 46 (12.9) | 72 (29.6) | <0.001 | 46 (12.9) | 72 (29.6) | <0.001 |
| Living alone (defined as single/divorced/widow) | 114 (19.0) | 32 (11.8) | 82 (25.0) | <0.001 | 47 (13.2) | 67 (27.6) | <0.001 |
| Rural living | 276 (46.0) | 109 (40.7) | 167 (51.2) | 0.002 | 145 (41.1) | 131 (54.4) | 0.002 |
| Body mass index: | |||||||
| Underweight | 88 (14.7) | 20 (7.4) | 68 (20.4) | <0.001 | 32 (9.0) | 56 (23.0) | <0.01 |
| Normal | 422 (70.3) | 196 (72.1) | 226 (68.9) | 273 (76.5) | 149 (61.3) | ||
| Overweight | 90 (15.0) | 56 (20.6) | 34 (10.4) | 52 (14.6) | 38 (15.6) | ||
| Grip strength (kg) | 18.50±7.53 | 22.67±7.71 | 15.05±5.31 | <0.001 | 21.25±7.45 | 14.47±5.58 | <0.001 |
| ASM (kg) | 11.39±3.02 | 12.68±3.51 | 10.41±2.13 | <0.001 | 12.07±3.27 | 10.46±2.36 | <0.001 |
| Hospitalisation in the last 12 months | 231 (38.5) | 68 (25.3) | 163 (50.3) | <0.001 | 97 (27.6) | 134 (55.4) | <0.001 |
| Malnourished | 48 (8.0) | 4 (1.5) | 44 (13.7) | <0.001 | 8 (2.3) | 40 (16.7) | <0.001 |
| Physical activity level | |||||||
| High | 120 (20.0) | 75 (28.7) | 45 (14.3) | <0.001 | 92 (27.3) | 28 (11.8) | <0.001 |
| Moderate | 317 (52.8) | 149 (57.1) | 168 (53.5) | 191 (56.7) | 126 (52.9) | ||
| Low | 138 (23.0) | 37 (14.2) | 101 (32.2) | 54 (16.0) | 84 (35.3) | ||
| Charlson comorbidity index | 1.51±1.15 | 1.27±1.05 | 1.71±1.19 | <0.001 | 1.29±1.11 | 1.85±1.13 | <0.001 |
| Details of chronic diseases: | |||||||
| Chronic kidney disease | 291 (48.5) | 99 (41.4) | 192 (63.4) | <0.001 | 138 (44.5) | 153 (65.9) | <0.001 |
| Hypertension | 285 (47.5) | 114 (41.9) | 171 (52.1) | 0.042 | 151 (42.3) | 134 (55.1) | 0.001 |
| Chronic lung diseases (COPD/asthma) | 284 (47.3) | 90 (33.1) | 194 (59.1) | <0.001 | 126 (35.3) | 158 (65.0) | <0.001 |
| Diabetes | 106 (17.7) | 47 (17.3) | 59 (18.0) | 0.544 | 56 (15.7) | 50 (20.6) | 0.131 |
| PVD | 39 (6.5) | 13 (4.8) | 26 (7.9) | 0.032 | 17 (4.8) | 22 (9.1) | 0.033 |
| Stroke | 6 (1.0) | 0 (0.0) | 6 (1.8) | 0.165 | 2 (0.6) | 4 (1.6) | 0.184 |
| Myocardial infarction | 16 (2.7) | 5 (1.8) | 11 (3.4) | 0.273 | 7 (2.0) | 9 (3.7) | 0.185 |
| Heart failure | 9 (1.5) | 4 (1.5) | 5 (1.5) | 0.763 | 4 (1.1) | 5 (2.1) | 0.525 |
| Cancer | 7 (1.2) | 0 (0) | 7 (2.1) | 0.044 | 1 (0.3) | 6 (2.5) | 0.006 |
| Dementia | 3 (0.5) | 1 (0.4) | 2 (0.6) | 0.691 | 1 (0.3) | 2 (0.8) | 0.349 |
Continuous data are presented as mean±standard deviation. Categorical data are shown as n (%).
ASM, appendicular skeletal muscles mass; AWGS, Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia; COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; MNA, mini nutritional assessment; PVD, peripheral vascular disease.