Table 2

Influence of calendar year and age or frailty on blood pressure thresholds (multilevel analysis)

β95% CIP value
Age* 
Calendar year−0.107−1.429 to 1.2150.874<0.001†
Calendar year2−0.111−0.248 to 0.0270.114
Age <60 years−8.066−10.411 to −5.723<0.001
Age 60–69 years−4.115−6.369 to −1.861<0.001
Age 70–79 years−1.168−3.407 to 1.0720.307
Age ≥80 yearsReference group
Interaction year* ageNone are significant
Frailty‡ 
Calendar year0.247−1.100 to 1.5930.719<0.001†
Calendar year2−0.159−0.299 to 0.0180.027
Frailty 0–0.03−0.060−1.734 to 1.6140.944
Frailty 0.06–0.090.127−1.519 to 1.7720.880
Frailty 0.11–0.40Reference group
Interaction year* frailtyNone are significant

  • The intraclass correlation coefficient calculated from the empty model was 0.032.

  • *The age model was adjusted for sex, duration of diabetes, number of chronic medication at initiation, number and/or type of glucose lowering therapy, lipid lowering therapy, presence of albuminuria, presence of dyslipidaemia, haemoglobin A1C (HbA1c), history of cardiovascular events, estimated glomerular filtration rate and body mass index.

  • †Joined significance of calendar year and calendar year2 using the Wald test.

  • ‡The frailty model was adjusted for sex, duration of diabetes, number and/or type of glucose lowering therapy, lipid lowering therapy and HbA1c.