Changes in sub-mode performance in CONC and CONT
| Sub-mode | Cohort | N | Change in sub-mode score (post–pre, mean (95% CI) | Change in score | Improved (%) | Worse (%) | No change (%) | Wilcoxon signed-rank test p value | OR (95% CI) for odds of improvement more likely in CONC than CONT |
| Symptom number | CONT | 1190 | −0.07 (-0.22 to 0.07) | No change | 24.8 | 23.9 | 51.3 | 0.551 | 1.52 (1.10 to 2.11), p=0.011 |
| CONC | 143 | −0.42 (-0.75 to -0.09) | Decrease | 30.8 | 14.0 | 55.2 | 0.002* | ||
| Symptom severity | CONT | 1190 | −0.11 (-0.36 to 0.12) | No change | 25.6 | 23.9 | 50.4 | 0.387 | 1.54 (1.11 to 2.13), p=0.009 |
| CONC | 143 | −0.67 (-1.17 to -0.17) | Decrease | 32.2 | 14.0 | 53.8 | 0.001* | ||
| Orientation | CONT | 1190 | 0.01 (-0.02 to 0.04) | No change | 12.2 | 11.5 | 76.3 | 0.619 | 1.26 (0.98 to 1.61), p=0.073 |
| CONC | 501 | −0.03 (-0.08 to 0) | No change | 11.2 | 15.4 | 73.5 | 0.072 | ||
| Immediate memory (10-word list) | CONT | 723 | 0.28 (0 to 0.57) | No change | 48.4 | 41.9 | 9.7 | 0.040 | 1.21 (0.83 to 1.75), p=0.320 |
| CONC | 119 | 0.49 (-0.15 to 1.15) | No change | 52.1 | 36.1 | 11.8 | 0.075 | ||
| Delayed recall (10-word list) | CONT | 723 | 0.02 (-0.11 to 0.16) | No change | 38.0 | 36.7 | 25.3 | 0.759 | 1.39 (0.97 to 1.99), p=0.073 |
| CONC | 119 | 0.4 (0.1 to 0.7) | No change | 45.4 | 28.6 | 26.1 | 0.016 | ||
| Digits backward | CONT | 1190 | 0.04 (0 to 0.1) | No change | 27.5 | 22.9 | 49.7 | 0.034 | 1.33 (1.08 to 1.62), p=0.007 |
| CONC | 501 | 0.23 (0.14 to 0.31) | Increase | 30.9 | 15.4 | 53.7 | <0.001* | ||
| Final concentration | CONT | 1190 | 0.06 (0.01 to 0.12) | No change | 29.4 | 24.3 | 46.3 | 0.014 | 1.34 (1.09 to 1.64), p=0.005 |
| CONC | 501 | 0.25 (0.17 to 0.34) | Increase | 32.7 | 15.8 | 51.5 | <0.001* | ||
| Tandem gait time | CONT | 1185 | −0.29 (-0.41 to -0.17) | Decrease | 45.9 | 33.9 | 20.2 | <0.001 | 0.94 (0.76 to 1.17), p=0.583 |
| CONC | 433 | −0.28 (-0.5 to -0.07) | No change | 48.5 | 41.6 | 9.9 | 0.012 | ||
| Double leg errors | CONT | 1190 | 0 (-0.01 to 0.01) | No change | 1.0 | 1.4 | 97.6 | 0.355 | 1.31 (0.63 to 2.72), p=0.464 |
| CONC | 501 | 0 (-0.01 to 0.01) | No change | 1.2 | 0.8 | 98.0 | 0.528 | ||
| Single leg errors | CONT | 1190 | −0.1 (-0.22 to 0.02) | No change | 37.7 | 35.6 | 26.6 | 0.219 | 1.08 (0.88 to 1.32), p=0.460 |
| CONC | 501 | −0.23 (-0.44 to -0.03) | No change | 39.5 | 33.1 | 27.3 | 0.038 | ||
| Tandem stance errors | CONT | 1190 | −0.04 (-0.12 to 0.04) | No change | 28.6 | 28.2 | 43.2 | 0.719 | 1.08 (0.08 to 1.31), p=0.471 |
| CONC | 501 | −0.09 (-0.24 to 0.05) | No change | 27.7 | 25.7 | 46.5 | 0.351 | ||
| Total balance errors | CONT | 1190 | −0.13 (-0.31 to 0.03) | No change | 39.0 | 38.7 | 22.3 | 0.451 | 1.20 (0.98 to 1.46), p=0.081 |
| CONC | 501 | −0.33 (-0.63 to -0.04) | No change | 43.1 | 34.9 | 22.0 | 0.043 |
The relative performance change (T2 – T1) is indicated for each sub-mode and cohort.
Performance in Concussions (CONC) and Controls (CONT)
*denotes significant change in sub-mode score T2 versus T1. The OR shows the odds (95% CI) of sub-mode performance improving in CONC relative to CONT during the second assessment. Bonferroni correction resulted in significance accepted at p<0.004.