Table 3

Demographics

Ref	Author	N	Mean age (months)	Male	Female	N Upper limb	N Lower limb	N Scalp	N other	Peripheral cannula	Central cannula
Gault technique studies
4	Murphy et al4	43	–	–	–	32	9	–	–	–	–
11	Ghanem et al11	48	38.4	–	–	48	25	4	5	73	7
12	Kostogloudis et al12	34	0.6	–	–	6	28	–	–	34	–
17	Andrés et al17	15	36	–	–	14	–	1	–	15	–
21	Casanova et al21	14	1	–	–	4	9	1	–	–	–
32	Ching et al32	69	0.7	32	37	45	17	–	7	–	–
16	Harris et al16	56	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	–
	Total	279	15.3 (mean)	32	37	149	88	6	12	122	7
Debridement+further surgery
10	Falcone et al10	15	0.6	7	8	12	2	1	–	–	–
13	Sung and Lee13	12	–	6	6	7	5	–	–	–	–
15	Compaña et al15	4	2.6	3	1	2	2	–	–	4	–
17	Andrés et al (2)17	15	36	–	–	14	–	1	–	15	–
20	Upton et al20	7	67.2	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	–
23	Weiss et al23	4	–	–	–	–	–	4	–	4	–
25	Boyar and Galiczewski25	4	1.1	3	1	3	1	–	–	4	–
29	Cho et al29	5	0.6	–	–	4	–	–	–	6	–
30	Onesti et al30	26	0.6	17	9	14	10	2	–	–	–
31	Firat et al31	13	50	3	10	6	4	3	–	–	–
33	Sivrioglu and Irkoren33	9	0.9	–	–	5	3	1	–	9	–
18 19	Linder et al18 19	18	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	–
22	von Heimburg and Pallua22	5	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	–
	Total	137	17.7 (mean)	46	28	67	27	12	0	42	0
Hyaluronidase injections
14	Odom et al14	147	–	87	60	106	40	2	–	147	–
26	Yan et al26	18	39.7	10	8	12	6	–	–	18	–
27	Myers et al27	28	1.3	–	–	14	13	1	–	–	–
28	Cochran et al28	8	–	4	4	–	–	–	–	–	–
34	Yan et al34	13	0.9	8	5	9	3	1	–	–	–
24	Hanrahan24	113	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	–
	Total	327	14.0 (mean)	109	77	141	62	4	0	165	0
	Overall total	728	15.13 (mean)	187	142	343	177	21	12	314	7