Amoxicillin (n=89) | Placebo (n=91) | Type I MCs amoxicillin (n=60) | Type I MCs placebo (n=58) | |
Age (mean (SD)) | 44.7 (9.0) | 45.2 (9.0) | 46.0 (9.3) | 44.9 (9.3) |
Women | 53 (60) | 52 (57) | 35 (58) | 35 (60) |
Smoking, yes | 25 (28) | 21 (24) | 13 (22) | 18 (31) |
Previous disc surgery | 18 (20) | 20 (22) | 12 (20) | 10 (17) |
Educational level | ||||
Primary school (9 years) | 10 (11) | 9 (10) | 4 (6.7) | 8 (14) |
High school (12 years) | 36 (41) | 42 (47) | 27 (45) | 21 (36) |
College or university (<4 years) | 27 (31) | 18 (20) | 11 (18) | 17 (29) |
University (≥4 years) | 15 (17) | 20 (22) | 16 (27) | 11 (19) |
Employment status | ||||
Working full time | 46 (52) | 43 (47) | 33 (57) | 32 (53) |
Partial sick leave | 14 (16) | 20 (22) | 7 (12) | 11 (19) |
Complete sick leave | 22 (25) | 16 (18) | 14 (24) | 11 (19) |
Disability pension | 3 (3) | 7 (8) | 3 (5) | 2 (3) |
Unemployed | 2 (2) | 3 (3) | 1 (2) | 2 (3) |
Student/other/unknown | 2 (2) | 2 (2) | 0 | 2 (3) |
Physical workload | ||||
Mostly sitting | 37 (48) | 26 (35) | 18 (30) | 28 (48) |
Job requires a lot of walking | 20 (26) | 20 (27) | 14 (23) | 12 (21) |
Job requires a lot of walking and lifting | 17 (22) | 24 (32) | 13 (22) | 9 (16) |
Job requires physically heavy work | 3 (4) | 4 (5) | 4 (6.7) | 2 (3.4) |
Comorbidity* | ||||
Score 1 (back pain only) | 62 (70) | 60 (66) | 40 (67) | 40 (69) |
Score 2 | 21 (24) | 27 (30) | 17 (28) | 13 (22) |
Score >2 | 6 (7) | 4 (4) | 3 (5.0) | 5 (8.6) |
Use of healthcare in the month prior to inclusion | 24 (27) | 15 (17) | 17 (29) | 10 (17) |
Use of medication the month prior to inclusion | ||||
Non-opioid medication | 46 (52) | 52 (57) | 30 (52) | 34 (57) |
Opioid medication | 28 (32) | 26 (29) | 17 (29) | 10 (17) |
Duration of back pain in years (median (IQR)) | 3.0 (1.5–5.6) | 3.4 (1.7–7) | 4 (2–8) | 2.8 (1.5–5.2) |
Back pain intensity (0–10) | 6.4 (1.2) | 6.3 (1.5) | 6.5 (1.1) | 6.3 (1.3) |
Roland-Morris Disability Questionnaire (0–24) | 12.7 (4.7) | 12.8 (3.7) | 12.9 (4.3) | 12.3 (3.7) |
EQ-5D-5L (-0.59–1) | 0.55 (0.19) | 0.54 (0.18) | 0.55 (0.18) | 0.56 (0.16) |
N refers to the number of patients providing data.
Values are no/total no (%) unless stated otherwise.
*Functional Comorbidity Index33 – Score increased by 1 for each 18 diagnoses associated with decreased physical function.
MC, Modic changes.