Demographic characteristics and health information by condition (n=271, n (%) unless otherwise stated)
| Control (n=71) | HS (n=66) | Neg. LE (n=66) | Pos. LE (n=68) | |
| Age; mean (SD) | 72.7 (5.9) | 71.4 (5.1) | 71.0 (5.2) | 72.5 (6.0) |
| Gender | ||||
| Male | 37 (52) | 31 (57) | 32 (48) | 35 (51) |
| Female | 34 (48) | 35 (53) | 34 (52) | 33 (49) |
| Relationship status | ||||
| Married | 49 (69) | 47 (71) | 49 (74) | 44 (65) |
| Single, divorced, separated or widowed | 22 (31) | 19 (29) | 17 (26) | 24 (35) |
| Education | ||||
| Degree or diploma or certificate | 38 (54) | 35 (53) | 33 (50) | 31 (46) |
| Apprenticeship | 10 (14) | 5 (8) | 7 (11) | 9 (13) |
| Higher school certificate or less | 23 (32) | 26 (39) | 26 (39) | 28 (41) |
| General health | ||||
| Excellent or very good | 34 (48) | 31 (47) | 39 (59) | 24 (35) |
| Good | 21 (30) | 21 (32) | 16 (24) | 26 (38) |
| Fair or poor | 16 (22) | 14 (21) | 11 (17) | 18 (27) |
| Activities of daily living* | ||||
| No problem | 54 (76) | 50 (76) | 55 (83) | 52 (76) |
| Very minor to minor problem | 15 (21) | 14 (21) | 8 (12) | 14 (21) |
| Medium to major problem | 2 (3) | 2 (3) | 3 (5) | 2 (3) |
| Health literacy score† | ||||
| High (no errors) | 32 (45) | 29 (44) | 22 (33) | 22 (32) |
| Medium (one error) | 19 (27) | 17 (26) | 27 (41) | 25 (37) |
| Low (more than one error) | 20 (28) | 20 (30) | 17 (26) | 21 (31) |
| Last PSA test or breast screening | ||||
| Less than 12 months ago | 34 (48) | 40 (60) | 30 (45) | 34 (50) |
| 1–2 years ago | 23 (32) | 11 (17) | 21 (32) | 18 (26) |
| More than 2 years ago | 14 (20) | 15 (23) | 15 (23) | 16 (24) |
| Perceived risk of prostate/breast cancer in lifetime | ||||
| No chance | 3 (4) | 3 (5) | 4 (6) | 2 (3) |
| Low chance | 54 (76) | 45 (68) | 44 (67) | 44 (65) |
| Medium or high chance | 14 (20) | 18 (27) | 18 (27) | 22 (32) |
| Family history of prostate/breast cancer | ||||
| None | 49 (69) | 56 (85) | 52 (79) | 49 (72) |
| 1 or more blood relatives | 22 (31) | 10 (15) | 14 (21) | 19 (28) |
*Activities of daily living: no problem=no daily tasks found difficult (0/5), very minor to minor=some daily tasks found difficult (1-2/5), medium to major=most daily tasks found difficult (3-5/5).
†Health literacy: high=scored 4/4, medium=3/4, low=scored 2/4, 1/4 or 0/4 when asked to interpret a medical label.
HS, health status condition; Neg. LE, negatively framed life expectancy condition; Pos. LE, positively framed life expectancy condition.