Characteristics of the intervention area and unmatched North West areas
| Knowsley LSOAs (no=98) | North west LSOAs (no=4381) | ||
| Mean (SD) | Mean (SD) | P value* | |
| Emergency admissions for COPD per 100 000 population per year | 519.99 (402.33) | 282.34 (275.16) | <0.001 |
| GPs per 1000 population | 0.64 (0.12) | 0.60 (0.12) | <0.001 |
| Working age population unemployed (%) | 4.99 (2.76) | 3.05 (2.43) | <0.001 |
| QOF: COPD prevalence (%) | 3.07 (0.33) | 2.02 (0.55) | <0.001 |
| QOF: smoking prevalence (%) | 25.83 (4.77) | 20.37 (5.56) | <0.001 |
| QOF: those with COPD receiving inhaled treatment whose inhaler technique has been checked (%) | 88.13 (9.21) | 91.36 (3.88) | 0.188 |
| Population (no) | 1508.79 (244.92) | 1547.64 (269.78) | <0.001 |
| Female population (no) | 792.08 (129.75) | 789.59 (137.30) | 0.452 |
| Population aged 50+ years (no) | 496.81 (109.49) | 534.41 (153.58) | <0.001 |
| IMD score | 41.99 (20.65) | 26.55 (18.79) | <0.001 |
| Distance to hospital (km) | 5.47 (2.5) | 7.47 (6.48) | <0.001 |
Characteristics of Knowsley and unmatched North West LSOAs in preintervention period (2005–2010).
*Statistical significance of the difference between the groups tested using t-tests for normally distributed variables, or the Man-Whitney U test as a non-parametric equivalent.
COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; GP, general practitioner; IMD, Index of Multiple Deprivation; LSOA, lower-layer super output area; QOF, quality and outcomes framework.