Knowledge of healthcare professionals towards ADR reporting in ACSH, Tigray region, Northern Ethiopia, from January 2019 to March 2019 (n=307)
| Variables | Frequency (%) |
| Which of the following defines ADR correctly? | |
| Any noxious or undesired effect of drug occurring at normal dose, during normal use*⃰ | 90 (29.3) |
| Adverse health outcomes associated with inappropriate drug use | 51 (16.6) |
| Harm resulting from the use of substandard/counterfeit drugs | 26 (8.5) |
| Harm caused by drug overdose | 67 (21.8) |
| All can define ADR | 73 (23.8) |
| Which ADR should be reported? | |
| All series ADRs | 113 (36.8) |
| ADRs to herbal and non-allopathic drugs | 15 (4.9) |
| ADRs to new drugs | 49 (16.0) |
| ADRs to vaccines drugs | 8 (2.6) |
| Unknown ADRs to old drugs | 9 (2.9) |
| All of the above* | 113 (36.8) |
| The correct classification of the type of ADR | |
| Type A, B, C, D, E and F* | 60 (19.5) |
| Type 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 and 7 | 62 (20.2) |
| Known, unknown and common, uncommon | 89 (29.0) |
| Reversible and irreversible | 64 (20.8) |
| Do not know | 31 (10.1) |
| Is there any centre/ADR reporting system in Ethiopia | |
| Yes* | 121 (39.4) |
| No | 141 (45.9) |
| Do not know | 45 (14.7) |
| All ADRs are known before a medicine is marketed. | |
| Yes | 99 (32.2) |
| No* | 168 (54.7) |
| Do not know | 40 (13.0) |
| Are you aware of any drug that banned due to ADR? | |
| Yes* | 98 (31.9) |
| No | 176 (57.3) |
| Do not know | 33 (10.7) |
| Where are ADRs reported in Ethiopia? | |
| Manufacturers | 17 (5.5) |
| Ministry of Health of Ethiopia | 68 (22.1) |
| Ethiopian pharmaceutical association | 47 (15.3) |
| DTC of respective health facility | 49 (16.0) |
| FMHACA* | 98 (31.9) |
| Pharmacy dept | 28 (9.1) |
| Do you think that ADR is the same with side effects? | |
| Yes | 127 (41.4) |
| No* | 180 (58.6) |
| Which of the following is the major risk factor for the occurrence of maximum ADRs | |
| Arthritis | 30 (9.8) |
| Renal failure* | 147 (47.9) |
| Visual impairment | 24 (7.8) |
| All of these | 106 (34.5) |
| Overall knowledge score | |
| Good | 128 (41.7) |
| Poor | 179 (58.3) |
*Correct answers.
ADR, adverse drug reaction; DACA, Drug Administration and Control Authority; DTC, drug and therapeutic committee; FMHACA, Food, Medicine and Healthcare Administration and Control Authority; STG, standard treatment guideline.