Table 3

Distribution of PSPs with harm and harm types

PSP with harmful consequences		PSP (n)	PSP (%)	95% CI
Harm/no harm	PSP without harm	621	24.0	22.4 to 25.7
	PSP with at least one harm	1935	74.7	73 to 76.4
	Refused to answer	18	0.7	0.4 to 1.1
	Don’t know	15	0.6	0.3 to 0.9
Types of harm	Unnecessarily prolonged pain	934	16.5	15.6 to 17.5
	Deterioration of the health status	909	16.1	15.1 to 17.1
	Mental/social harm	619	10.9	9.2 to 11.8
	Serious illness not recognised/recognised too late	306	5.4	4.9 to 5.7
	Other part of the body injured (eg, an internal organ or nerve)	228	4.0	3.4 to 4.6
	Wound infection/inflammation	223	3.9	3.3 to 4.5
	Mild allergic reaction (eg, skin rash, itching)	218	3.9	3.4 to 4.4
	Other side effects (eg, stomach bleeding)	139	2.5	2.1 to 2.9
	Bleeding	117	2.1	1.7 to 2.5
	Severe allergic reaction	65	1.1	0.9 to 1.5
	Total reported harms to health	3758	66.4	65.2 to 67.7
	*PSP with ≥1 harm to health*	*1584*	*81.9*	80.1 to *83.5*
	Temporal harm (eg, extra waiting time, additional doctor visits)	1164	20.6	16.2 to 21.7
	Financial harm (eg, additional treatment costs)	393	6.9	6.3 to 7.1
	Other harm	341	6.0	5.4 to 6.7
	Total reported financial, temporal and other harms	1898	33.6	32.3 to 34.8
	*PSP with ≥1 financial, temporal, other harm*	*1378*	*71.2*	69.2 to *73.2*

PSP, patient safety problem.