OR and 95% CI of current tobacco use among study participants (n=1174)
| Characteristics | Use† | No use‡ | Unadjusted | Adjusted§ | ||
| (n=131) | (n=1043) | |||||
| N (%) | N (%) | OR | 95% CI | OR | 95% CI | |
| Age | ||||||
| ≤14 years | 14 (10.7) | 488 (46.8) | 1 | Reference | 1 | Reference |
| >14 years | 117 (89.3) | 555 (53.2) | 7.35 | (4.17 to 12.96)*** | 9.81 | (4.54 to 21.19)*** |
| Gender | ||||||
| Female | 9 (6.9) | 683 (65.5) | 1 | Reference | 1 | Reference |
| Male | 122 (93.1) | 360 (34.5) | 25.72 | (12.91 to 51.22)*** | 28.06 | (13.29 to 59.25)*** |
| Grade | ||||||
| 10 | 56 (42.7) | 738 (70.8) | 1 | Reference | 1 | Reference |
| 11 | 75 (57.3) | 305 (29.2) | 3.24 | (2.24 to 4.70)*** | 1.52 | (0.85 to 2.73) |
| Parent smoking | ||||||
| No | 128 (97.7) | 987 (94.6) | 1 | Reference | 1 | Reference |
| Yes | 3 (2.3) | 56 (5.4) | 0.41 | (0.13 to 1.34) | 0.31 | (0.08 to 1.29) |
| Sibling smoking | ||||||
| No | 118 (90.1) | 961 (92.1) | 1 | Reference | 1 | Reference |
| Yes | 13 (9.9) | 82 (7.9) | 1.29 | (0.70 to 2.39) | 1.06 | (0.47 to 2.37) |
| Peer smoking | ||||||
| No | 119 (90.8) | 959 (91.9) | 1 | Reference | 1 | Reference |
| Yes | 12 (9.2) | 84 (8.1) | 1.15 | (0.61 to 2.17) | 0.41 | (0.17 to 0.95)* |
| Exposure to any kind of TAPS† | ||||||
| No | 8 (6.1) | 99 (9.5) | 1 | Reference | 1 | Reference |
| Yes | 123 (93.9) | 944 (90.5) | 1.61 | (0.77 to 3.40) | 6.59 | (2.33 to 18.64)*** |
| Had seen any smoked tobacco product for sale inside or within 100 feet of the school premises within the last 12 months | ||||||
| No | 9 (6.9) | 176 (16.9) | 1 | Reference | 1 | Reference |
| Yes | 122 (93.1) | 867 (83.1) | 2.75 | (1.37 to 5.52)** | 4.17 | (1.65 to 10.58)** |
| Had seen the sale or gifting of any smoked tobacco product to minors† within the last 12 months | ||||||
| No | 4 (3.1) | 202 (19.4) | 1 | Reference | 1 | Reference |
| Yes | 127 (96.9) | 841 (80.6) | 7.63 | (2.79 to 20.88)*** | 6.46 | (2.18 to 19.12)*** |
| Had seen the sale or distribution of any smoked tobacco product by minors¶ within the last 12 months | ||||||
| No | 44 (33.6) | 477 (45.7) | 1 | Reference | 1 | Reference |
| Yes | 87 (66.4) | 566 (54.3) | 1.67 | (1.14 to 2.44)** | 2.42 | (1.42 to 4.10)*** |
| Had seen the sale of cigarettes singly or in packs less than 20 cigarettes within the last 12 months | ||||||
| No | 3 (2.3) | 155 (14.9) | 1 | Reference | 1 | Reference |
| Yes | 128 (97.7) | 888 (85.1) | 7.45 | (2.34 to 23.70)*** | 3.32 | (0.93 to 11.85) |
| Ever received health education about tobacco use | ||||||
| No | 70 (53.4) | 393 (37.7) | 1 | Reference | 1 | Reference |
| Yes | 61 (46.6) | 650 (62.3) | 0.53 | (0.37 to 0.76)*** | 0.45 | (0.27 to 0.78)** |
| Perception of tobacco use†† | ||||||
| ≤7 | 80 (61.1) | 187 (17.9) | 1 | Reference | 1 | Reference |
| >7 | 51 (38.9) | 856 (82.1) | 0.14 | (0.10 to 0.21)*** | 0.17 | (0.10 to 0.30)*** |
*p<0.05, **p<0.01, ***p<0.001.
†Current tobacco use.
‡No current tobacco use.
§Adjusted for age, gender, grade, parent smoking, sibling smoking, peer smoking, ever received health education about tobacco use and perception of tobacco use.
¶Under 18 years old.
††Regarding the perception score of tobacco use, measured with eight items, the mean score of seven was set as the cut-off point.
TAPS, tobacco advertising, promotion and sponsorship.