Associations of healthcare access and HIV test with cervical cancer screening in subgroups defined by education
| Less than college level (n=2185) | At or above college level (n=1263) | ||||
| Factors | n (%) | aOR and 95% CI | n (%) | aOR and 95% CI | P interaction† |
| Last clinical check-up* | |||||
| <1 year ago (REF) | 1475 (67.5) | 1 | 872 (69.0) | 1 | 0.04 |
| 1–<2 years ago | 297 (13.6) | 0.86 (0.60 to 1.24) | 205 (16.2) | 0.51 (0.29 to 0.89) | |
| 2–<5 years ago | 199 (9.1) | 0.39 (0.27 to 0.57) | 99 (7.8) | 0.19 (0.10 to 0.33) | |
| ≥5 years ago | 214 (9.8) | 0.18 (0.12 to 0.25) | 87 (6.9) | 0.22 (0.11 to 0.42) | |
| Had personal healthcare provider | |||||
| Yes (REF) | 1661 (76.0) | 1 | 1010 (80.0) | 1 | 0.47 |
| No | 524 (24.0) | 0.98 (0.73 to 1.32) | 253 (20.0) | 0.78 (0.48 to 1.27) | |
| Had healthcare coverage | |||||
| Yes (REF) | 1835 (84.0) | 1 | 1178 (93.3) | 1 | 0.84 |
| No | 350 (16.0) | 0.58 (0.42 to 0.78) | 85 (6.7) | 0.59 (0.30 to 1.15) | |
| Had HIV test | |||||
| Had test within last year (REF) | 818 (37.4) | 1 | 397 (31.4) | 1 | 0.59 |
| Had test over 1 year ago | 731 (33.5) | 0.62 (0.45 to 0.84) | 471 (37.3) | 0.73 (0.41 to 1.31) | |
| Had no test | 636 (29.1) | 0.48 (0.35 to 0.66) | 395 (31.3) | 0.43 (0.24 to 0.77) | |
Multivariable logistic regression model included the four factors in table simultaneously and adjusted for age, race, marital status, obesity, physical activity, alcohol consumption, smoking status, comorbidity and overall health condition.
*The check-up specifically referred to a general physical exam, not an exam for a specific injury, illness or condition.
†Wald test was used to investigate interaction between factors and education in relation to cervical cancer screening.
aOR, adjusted OR.