Table 2

Definition and interpretation of risk of bias19

Risk of biasInterpretation
Low risk of bias The findings of the review are likely to be reliable. No concerns with the review process, or concerns were appropriately considered in the review conclusions. The conclusions were supported by the evidence and included consideration of the relevance of included studies.
High risk of bias One or more of the concerns raised during the assessment was not addressed in the review conclusions, the review conclusions were not supported by the evidence or the conclusions did not consider the relevance of the included studies to the review question.
Unclear risk of bias There is insufficient information reported to make a judgement on risk of bias.