Table 2

Structural equation model (SEM) for predicting the use of PSEs (model A)

SEM paths (full sample)			Std. estimate^†	SE	CR	P value	Sig.
Positive attitudes	←	Observed safe behaviours	0.172	0.026	5.214	<0.001	***
Rule knowledge	←	Observed safe behaviours	0.106	0.023	3.094	0.002	**
Risk perception	←	Exposure to RSE	0.104	0.010	3.027	0.002	**
Risk perception	←	Observed safe behaviours	0.075	0.021	2.181	0.029	*
Rule knowledge	←	Exposure to RSE	0.129	0.011	3.753	<0.001	***
Positive attitudes	←	Exposure to RSE	0.237	0.012	7.192	<0.001	***
Risk perception	←	Age	0.099	0.023	2.887	0.004	**
Positive attitudes	←	Age	0.091	0.029	2.763	0.006	**
Rule knowledge	←	Age	0.011	0.026	0.334	0.738	N/S
Positive attitudes	←	Psychological health	0.100	0.008	3.023	0.003	**
Rule knowledge	←	Psychological health	0.060	0.007	1.748	0.080	N/S
Risk perception	←	Psychological health	0.072	0.006	2.115	0.034	*
Use of passive safety elements	←	Age	0.052	0.053	1.788	0.074	N/S
Use of passive safety elements	←	Exposure to RSE	0.012	0.023	0.401	0.688	N/S
Use of passive safety elements	←	Observed safe behaviours	0.420	0.048	14.377	<0.001	***
Use of passive safety elements	←	Risk perception	0.103	0.083	3.365	<0.001	***
Use of passive safety elements	←	Rule knowledge	0.095	0.078	2.992	0.003	**
Use of passive safety elements	←	Positive attitudes	0.186	0.069	5.686	<0.001	***
Use of passive safety elements	←	Psychological health	0.075	0.014	2.586	0.010	*

***Significant at level 0.001. **Significant at level 0.01. *Significant at level 0.05.
†SPC, sandardised path coefficients (can be interpreted as linear regression weights).
CR, critical ratio; RSE, road safety education.