Studies and case reports addressing colonisation of proximal intestinal remnant in infants with enterostomy
| Underlying condition | Type of study | Aim | Sample size | Results | Reference |
| CMGIT, NEC and SIP | Randomised controlled trial | To determine the effect of an enteral oil supplementation on the intestinal microbiome | n=32 preterm infants (n=16 in each group) | Enrichment of many genera from Enterobacteriaceae family, including Escherichia, Pantoea, Serratia and Citrobacter over time, in infants receiving standard nutritional therapy. Enteral oil supplementation increased bacterial diversity and decreased the abundance of pathogenic bacteria. | 13 |
| SIP and NEC | Case report | To study microbiota diversity according to the length of remnant intestine | n=2 preterm infants | Human infant ileum and colon are dominated by Bifidobacterium. | 16 |
| CMGIT and SIP | Case report | To quantify Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium probiotic strains in the neonatal ileum | n=2 (1 preterm and 1 term infant) | Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium strains were identified in the neonatal ileum. | 17 |
| CMGIT | Case report | To study the effect of probiotic therapy after CMGIT surgery | n=2 (1 preterm and 1 term infant) | Probiotic therapy with Lactobacillus casei and Bifidobacterium breve was effective and these strains became well established in the intestine. | 14 |
| CMGIT, NEC and SIP | Observational study | To compare the microbiota composition in fresh intestinal tissue collected during surgery vs faecal samples | n=7 preterm or term infants | Intestinal bacteria diversity was higher in the intestinal tissue and in faecal samples adherent to the intestinal mucosa. | 15 |
CMGIT, congenital malformation of the gastrointestinal tract; NEC, necrotising enterocolitis; SIP, spontaneous intestinal perforation.