Table 3

Association of procrastination and work environment with obesity, adult weight gain over 10 kg and metabolic syndrome

	All participants						White-collar workers				Blue-collar workers
	(n=795)						(n=515)				(n=280)
	Crude	Model 1a	Model 2b	Model 3a	Model 4b	Crude	Model 5c	Model 6d	Crude	Model 7a	Model 8b
Number of obesity
Procrastination
None	64/270	1	1	1	1	1	45/193	1	1	1	19/77	1	1	1
None	23.7%	(Reference)	(Reference)	(Reference)	(Reference)	(Reference)	23.3%	(Reference)	(Reference)	(Reference)	24.7%	(Reference)	(Reference)	(Reference)
Medium	67/323	0.84	0.84	0.83	0.80	0.81	43/205	0.87	0.83	0.80	24/118	0.78	0.82	0.86
Medium	20.7%	0.57–1.24	0.57–1.25	0.56–1.23	0.40–1.61	0.40–1.64	21.0%	0.54–1.40	0.52–1.35	0.49–1.30	20.3%	0.39–1.55	0.41–1.64	0.42–1.76
High	51/202	1.09	1.09	1.07	0.75	0.75	34/117	1.35	1.33	1.28	17/85	0.76	0.70	0.76
High	25.3%	0.71–1.67	0.71–1.68	0.69–1.65	0.35–1.59	0.39–1.39	29.1%	0.80–2.27	0.78–2.24	0.75–2.17	20.0%	0.36–1.60	0.33–1.51	0.34–1.67
p for trend		0.777	0.766	0.767				0.341	0.385	0.417		0.477	0.366	0.482
Work environment
Blue-collar	60/280	1	1	1	1	1
Blue-collar	21.4%	(Reference)	(Reference)	(Reference)	(Reference)	(Reference)
White-collar	122/515	1.14	1.35	1.37	1.12	1.16
White-collar	23.7%	0.80–1.62	0.86–2.10	0.87–2.16	0.57–2.19	0.59–2.30
Interaction
White-collar *Medium procrastination					1.05	1.01
White-collar *Medium procrastination					0.45–2.45	0.43–2.37
White-collar *High procrastination					1.78	1.73
White-collar *High procrastination					0.71–4.45	0.69–4.34
Number of AWG10
Procrastination
None	50/270	1	1	1	1	1	31/193	1	1	1	19/77	1	1	1
None	18.5%	(Reference)	(Reference)	(Reference)	(Reference)	(Reference)	16.1%	(Reference)	(Reference)	(Reference)	24.7%	(Reference)	(Reference)	(Reference)
Medium	70/323	1.22	1.20	1.21	0.59	0.59	52/205	1.78*	1.65†	1.63†	18/118	0.55	0.59	0.58
Medium	21.7%	0.81–1.83	0.80–1.81	0.80–1.84	0.29–1.23	0.28–1.23	25.4%	1.08–2.92	0.99–2.72	0.98–2.71	15.3%	0.27–1.13	0.28–1.23	0.27–1.24
High	49/202	1.41	1.42	1.41	0.80	0.80	32/117	1.97*	1.87*	1.85*	17/85	0.76	0.78	0.73
High	24.3%	0.90–2.20	0.90–2.23	0.89–2.23	0.38–1.68	0.37–1.71	27.4%	1.12–3.44	1.06–3.31	1.04–3.29	20.0%	0.36–1.60	0.36–1.65	0.33–1.64
p for trend		0.128	0.132	0.115				0.013*	0.025*	0.021*		0.481	0.512	0.551
Work environment
Blue-collar	54/280	1	1	1	1	1
Blue-collar	19.3%	(Reference)	(Reference)	(Reference)	(Reference)	(Reference)
White-collar	115/515	1.20	1.47†	1.37	0.76	0.71
White-collar	22.3%	0.84–1.73	0.94–2.31	0.86–2.17	0.38–1.53	0.35–1.44
Interaction
White-collar *Medium procrastination					2.80*	2.84*
White-collar *Medium procrastination					1.15–6.80	1.16–6.96
White-collar *High procrastination					2.36†	2.33†
White-collar *High procrastination					0.92–6.05	0.90–6.01
Number of MetS
Procrastination
None	37/270	1	1	1	1	1	22/193	1	1	1	15/77	1	1	1
None	13.7%	(Reference)	(Reference)	(Reference)	(Reference)	(Reference)	11.4%	(Reference)	(Reference)	(Reference)	19.5%	(Reference)	(Reference)	(Reference)
Medium	50/323	1.15	1.16	1.09	0.68	0.62	35/205	1.60	1.52	1.47	15/118	0.60	0.66	0.63
Medium	15.5%	0.73–1.83	0.72–1.86	0.67–1.76	0.31–1.52	0.27–1.39	17.1%	0.90- 2.84	0.87–2.84	0.80–2.70	12.7%	0.28–1.32	0.29–1.46	0.27–1.44
High	36/202	1.37	1.38	1.23	0.49	0.39*	27/117	2.33**	2.38**	2.29*	9/85	0.49	0.51	0.40†
High	17.8%	0.83–2.25	0.82–2.31	0.72–2.10	0.20–1.21	0.15–1.00	23.1%	1.26–4.33	1.25–4.54	1.18–4.44	10.6%	0.20–1.19	0.21–1.27	0.15–1.06
p for trend		0.223	0.228	0.288				0.007**	0.009**	0.013*		0.109	0.141	0.155
Work environment
Blue-collar	39/280	1	1	1	1	1
Blue-collar	13.9%	(Reference)	(Reference)	(Reference)	(Reference)	(Reference)
White-collar	84/515	1.20	1.61	1.51	0.75	0.65
White-collar	16.3%	0.80–1.82	0.96–2.68	0.89–2.56	0.34–1.69	0.29–1.46
Interaction
White-collar *Medium procrastination					2.20	2.32
White-collar *Medium procrastination					0.81–5.97	0.84–6.41
White-collar *High procrastination					4.81**	5.60**
White-collar *High procrastination					1.58–14.64	1.80–17.41

^aAdjusted for age, education, long work hours and shift work.
^bAdjusted for age, education, long work hours, shift work, smoking, drinking and physical activity.
^cAdjusted for age, education and long work hours.
^dAdjusted for age, education, long work hours, smoking, drinking and physical activity.
*p<0.05; **p<0.01.
†p<0.10.
AWG10, adult weight gain over 10 kg; MetS, metabolic syndrome.