Table 2

Effect of the intervention on primary and secondary outcomes, mean (SD), comparing Writing Aid and MS Word tools in a crossover design (n=54)

Outcomes (factor score)MS Word
Mean (SD)
Writing Aid
Mean (SD)
Mean difference and 95% CI*P value of mean differenceEffect-size 95% CI*
Intention of use5.51 (1.24)5.84 (1.24)0.25 (-0.05 to 0.55)p=0.100.23 (-0.05 to 0.5)
Perceived usefulness5.38 (1.14)5.63 (1.06)0.19 (-0.04 to 0.41)p=0.100.23 (-0.04 to 0.5)
Perceived ease of use5.25 (1.30)5.98 (0.93)0.59 (0.29 to 0.89)p<0.0010.54 (0.25 to 0.83)
  • *Cohen’s d values used to estimate the effect size for the difference between the interventions (ie, Writing Aid minus MS Word documentation scores) in terms of SD scores; Cohen’s d values (x≤0.2, 0.2<x<0.8 and x≥0.8), represents small, medium and large effects.