| Grade 1 | Cough, dry Microatelectasis: abnormal lung findings and temperature >37.5°C without other documented cause; results of chest radiograph either normal Dyspnoea, not due to other documented cause
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| Grade 2 | Cough, productive, not due to other documented cause Bronchospasm: new wheezing or pre-existent wheezing resulting in change in therapy Hypoxaemia Atelectasis: radiological confirmation plus either temperature >37.5°C or abnormal lung findings Hypercarbia, transient, requiring treatment, such as naloxone or increased manual or mechanical ventilation
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| Grade 3 | Pleural effusion, resulting in thoracentesis Pneumonia, suspected: radiological evidence without bacteriological confirmation Pneumonia, proved: radiological evidence and documentation of pathological organism by Gram stain or culture Pneumothorax Re-intubation postoperative or intubation, period of ventilator dependence (non-invasive or invasive ventilation) ≤48 hours
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| Grade 4 | Ventilatory failure: postoperative non-invasive ventilation dependence ≥48 hours, or re-intubation with subsequent period of ventilator dependence ≥48 hours |