Summary of core variables measured in the Korean Urban Rural Elderly cohort study
| Category | Measures (instruments) | Baseline | Follow-up |
| Medical history and subjective health status | Disease history, disease treatment status, medication history, family disease history, self-rated health status, falls and fracture history, lower urinary tract symptoms (IPSS), daily activity (ADL, IADL), self-rated pain score, stress scale, reproductive health, frailty (SOF Frailty Index) | Yes | Yes (except education, marital status, occupation, stress scale) |
| Health behaviour | Smoking, alcohol drinking status, sleep disorder, physical activity (IPAQ-SF), health supplement use | Yes | Yes |
| Healthcare utilisation | Immunisation history, hospital admission within preceding year, surgery or procedure within preceding year | Yes | Yes |
| Anthropometry and physical examinations | Height, weight, waist, hip, thigh, calf circumference, BIA for body compositon, blood pressure, pulse rate | Yes (BIA in subset) | Yes |
| Nutritional status | Nutritional status (Mini-Nutritional Assessment Korean version) | Yes | Yes |
| Socioeconomic status | Education, marital status, occupation, social activity, household income, self-rated economic status | Yes | Yes |
| Physical function | Grip strength, timed get-up-and-go test, chair rise test, short physical performance battery, jump power measurement using GFP | Yes (except SPPB; GFP in subset) | Yes |
| Mood | Depressive symptoms (GDS-5, GDSSF-K15, SGDS-K) | Yes | Yes |
| Cognitive function | Cognitive function (MMSE-DS Korean) | Yes | Yes |
| Laboratory assessment | Albumin, alkaline phosphatase, alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, calcium, blood urea nitrogen, creatinine, fasting glucose, inorganic phosphorus, protein, uric acid, total bilirubin, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, insulin, total cholesterol, triglyceride, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, haemoglobin A1c, white blood cell count, haemoglobin, platelet count, thyroid-stimulating hormone, free thyroxine, 25-hydroxyvitamin D, osteocalcin, troponin T, urinalysis | Yes | Yes (except thyroid-stimulating hormone and free thyroxine; troponin T in subset) |
| Electrocardiography | Electrocardiography | Yes | Yes |
| Imaging tests | Carotid intima-media thickness, dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, QCT | Yes (except QCT) | QCT only |
| Social support network | Social network (size, range, homophily, density, degree centrality, closeness, betweenness, overlapping), stressful life events | Yes | Yes |
Geriatric Depression Scale-Short Form
ADL, Activities of Daily Living; BIA, bioimpedance analysis; DS, dementia screening; GDS-5, Five-item Geriatric Depression Scale; GDSSF-K15, Geriatric Depression Scale Short 15, 15-item Korean version;GFP, ground force plate; IADL, instrumental activities of daily living; IPAQ-SF, International Physical Activity Questionnaire—Short Form; IPSS, International Prostate Symptom Score; MMSE, Mini Mental State Examination; QCT, quantitative computed tomography; SGDS-K, Korean Geriatric Depression Scale-Short Form; SOF, Study of Osteoporotic Fractures; SPPB, Short Physical Performance Battery.