Ever-smokers | Never-smokers | Standardised difference | |
N | 155 593 | 155 593 | |
Index date (days from the origination date) | 1677.8±634.5 | 1675.4±640.6 | 0.004 |
Male gender | 119 343 (76.7) | 119 325 (76.7) | 0.000 |
Age | 65.8±13.9 | 65.5±15.2 | 0.021 |
Patients in hospitals with <500 beds | 93 174 (59.9) | 98 727 (63.5) | – |
Brinkman Index | 677.6±553.4 | 0 | – |
Target organ of the elective surgery | |||
Skin or subcutaneous tissues | 21 982 (14.1) | 20 855 (13.4) | – |
Muscle, bone, limb or trunk | 24 027 (15.4) | 24 629 (15.8) | – |
Nervous system, head or CNS | 3217 (2.1) | 3477 (2.2) | – |
Eyes | 4941 (3.2) | 6444 (4.1) | – |
Ear, nose or throat | 7006 (4.5) | 6576 (4.2) | – |
Face, mouth or neck | 3344 (2.1) | 3097 (2.0) | – |
Chest | 13 549 (8.7) | 9673 (6.2) | – |
Cardiovascular | 23 719 (15.2) | 20 189 (13.0) | – |
Abdomen | 48 845 (31.4) | 50 787 (32.6) | – |
Urological system or adrenal gland | 11 981 (7.7) | 11 767 (7.6) | – |
Genital | 16 473 (10.6) | 19 765 (12.7) | – |
Comorbidity | |||
Heart failure | 21 118 (13.6) | 20 308 (13.1) | −0.016 |
Coronary artery disease | 25 494 (16.4) | 25 342 (16.3) | −0.003 |
Peripheral artery disease | 11 723 (7.5) | 9631 (6.2) | – |
Myocardial infarction | 4449 (2.9) | 3808 (2.4) | – |
Stroke/TIA/SE | 12 867 (8.3) | 12 303 (7.9) | – |
Renal dysfunction | 10 429 (6.7) | 10 357 (6.7) | −0.002 |
Hepatic dysfunction | 25 439 (16.3) | 24 293 (15.6) | – |
Hypertension | 62 624 (40.2) | 59 316 (38.1) | −0.044 |
Diabetes mellitus | 49 380 (31.7) | 46 383 (29.8) | −0.043 |
Cancer | 83 974 (54.0) | 84 357 (54.2) | 0.005 |
Infectious disease | 23 598 (15.2) | 23 218 (14.9) | – |
COPD | 11 332 (7.3) | 8630 (5.5) | −0.072 |
N (per cent) or mean±SD. Standardised difference was calculated only for variables used for the calculation of propensity score.
CNS, central nervous system; COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; SE, systemic embolism; TIA, transient ischaemic attack.